{"id":373,"date":"2023-11-26T21:39:50","date_gmt":"2023-11-26T13:39:50","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/8.141.4.74\/?p=373"},"modified":"2024-03-29T14:40:14","modified_gmt":"2024-03-29T06:40:14","slug":"dns-%e5%9f%9f%e5%90%8d%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/8.141.4.74\/?p=373","title":{"rendered":"DNS-\u57df\u540d\u7cfb\u7edf"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>1.\u5de5\u4f5c\u903b\u8f91<\/h2>\n<p>DNS\uff08\u57df\u540d\u7cfb\u7edf\uff09\u662f\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u6838\u5fc3\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u5b83\u8d1f\u8d23\u5c06\u4eba\u7c7b\u53ef\u8bfb\u7684\u7f51\u5740\uff08\u4f8b\u5982 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.google.xn--com\">www.google.com\uff09\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u53ef\u7406\u89e3\u7684<\/a> IP \u5730\u5740\uff08\u4f8b\u5982 172.217.0.4\uff09\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f DNS \u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5de5\u4f5c\u8fc7\u7a0b:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42<\/strong>\uff1a\u5f53\u4f60\u5728\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a URL\uff08\u5982 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.google.xn--com\">www.google.com\uff09\u5e76\u6309\u4e0b<\/a>)Enter \u952e\u65f6\uff0c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u9996\u5148\u4f1a\u68c0\u67e5\u672c\u5730 DNS \u7f13\u5b58\uff08\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u90fd\u4f1a\u7ef4\u62a4\u81ea\u5df1\u7684 DNS \u7f13\u5b58\uff09\uff0c\u770b\u662f\u5426\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6709\uff0c\u5c31\u76f4\u63a5\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a IP \u5730\u5740\u53bb\u8fde\u63a5\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\uff0c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4f1a\u5411\u4f60\u7684 ISP\uff08Internet Service Provider\uff0c\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u670d\u52a1\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\uff09\u7684 DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u9001\u67e5\u8be2\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u9012\u5f52\u67e5\u8be2<\/strong>\uff1aISP \u7684 DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u9996\u5148\u4f1a\u68c0\u67e5\u5b83\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\u3002\u5982\u679c\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u5339\u914d\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u5f00\u59cb\u4e00\u4e2a\u9012\u5f52\u67e5\u8be2\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u8054\u7cfb\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u6839 DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u6839\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0d\u4f1a\u77e5\u9053\u5177\u4f53\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4f46\u4f1a\u77e5\u9053\u8d1f\u8d23\u7ba1\u7406 <code>.com<\/code> \u57df\u7684\u9876\u7ea7\u57df\uff08TLD\uff09\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5728\u54ea\u91cc\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9 ISP \u7684 DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5411 TLD \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u67e5\u8be2<\/strong>\uff1aISP \u7684 DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6536\u5230\u54cd\u5e94\u540e\uff0c\u4f1a\u5411 TLD \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u9001\u67e5\u8be2\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u5bfb\u627e\u8d1f\u8d23 <code>google.com<\/code> \u57df\u7684\u6743\u5a01 DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5411\u6743\u5a01 DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u67e5\u8be2<\/strong>\uff1aTLD \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u6743\u5a01 DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u7136\u540e ISP \u7684 DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f1a\u5411\u6743\u5a01 DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u9001\u67e5\u8be2\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u8fd9\u6b21\u67e5\u8be2\u8bf7\u6c42\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5f97\u5230 <code>www.google.com<\/code> \u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u8fd4\u56de IP \u5730\u5740<\/strong>\uff1a\u6743\u5a01 DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f1a\u67e5\u627e\u5b83\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u627e\u5230 <code>www.google.com<\/code> \u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\uff0c\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9 ISP \u7684 DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u7136\u540e ISP \u7684 DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f1a\u5c06 IP \u5730\u5740\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/strong>\uff1a\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u6536\u5230 IP \u5730\u5740\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 IP \u5730\u5740\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5e76\u8bf7\u6c42\u9875\u9762\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ef\u80fd\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u5f88\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5b83\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u5feb\u901f\u7684\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u51e0\u5341\u5230\u51e0\u767e\u6beb\u79d2\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e DNS \u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c\u4f1a\u88ab\u7f13\u5b58\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5e38\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u7f51\u7ad9\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u67e5\u8be2\u4f1a\u66f4\u5feb\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">DNS \u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662f\u5206\u5c42\u6b21\u7684\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c42\u90fd\u6709\u4e13\u95e8\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6267\u884c\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u7b80\u8981\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\n\n1.\u6839 DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff1a\u8fd9\u662f DNS \u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u8d77\u70b9\u3002\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e0a\u6709 13 \u7ec4\u6839\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08\u6bcf\u7ec4\u90fd\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u6027\uff09\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u8d1f\u8d23\u77e5\u9053\u6240\u6709\u9876\u7ea7\u57df\uff08TLD\uff09\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\u54ea\u4e9b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8d1f\u8d23\u7ba1\u7406 .com\u3001.net\u3001.org \u7b49\u9876\u7ea7\u57df\u3002\n\n2.TLD\uff08\u9876\u7ea7\u57df\uff09\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8d1f\u8d23\u7ba1\u7406\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u9876\u7ea7\u57df\u540d\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 .com\u3001.org \u7b49\u3002\u5f53\u6839\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u540e\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684 TLD\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u5c06\u8bf7\u6c42\u8f6c\u53d1\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684 TLD \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8bf7\u6c42 www.google.com\uff0c\u6839\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5c06\u8bf7\u6c42\u8f6c\u53d1\u5230\u7ba1\u7406 .com \u57df\u7684 TLD \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\n\n3.\u6743\u5a01 DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8d1f\u8d23\u7ba1\u7406\u4ed6\u4eec\u6240\u62e5\u6709\u7684\u57df\u540d\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5b50\u57df\u540d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cGoogle \u4f1a\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6743\u5a01\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u8d1f\u8d23\u7ba1\u7406\u6240\u6709\u4ee5 google.com \u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u5b50\u57df\u540d\uff08\u5982 mail.google.com\uff0cmaps.google.com\u7b49\uff09\u3002\u5f53 TLD \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u8bf7\u6c42\u540e\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u5c06\u8bf7\u6c42\u8f6c\u53d1\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6743\u5a01 DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\n\n4.\u9012\u5f52 DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff1a\u8fd9\u7c7b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u901a\u5e38\u7531\u4f60\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\uff08ISP\uff09\u8fd0\u8425\u3002\u5f53\u4f60\u5728\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a URL\uff08\u5982 www.google.com\uff09\u65f6\uff0c\u8bf7\u6c42\u9996\u5148\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u9012\u5f52 DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7136\u540e\u6309\u7167\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u5411\u6839\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3001TLD \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u6743\u5a01 DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u67e5\u8be2\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e2a IP \u5730\u5740\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u4f60\u7684\u7535\u8111\u3002\n\n\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u7279\u70b9\u662f\u7f13\u5b58\u3002\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b65\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5df2\u7ecf\u77e5\u9053\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u7b54\u6848\uff0c\u5b83\u5c31\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5411\u4e0a\u6e38\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u67e5\u8be2\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf\u548c\u5ef6\u8fdf\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86 DNS \u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u3002\n\n\u603b\u7684\u6765\u8bf4\uff0cDNS \u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u903b\u8f91\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u5c42\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ece\u6839\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u662f TLD \u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u662f\u6743\u5a01 DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u662f\u9012\u5f52 DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5141\u8bb8 DNS \u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u5168\u7403\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u5206\u5e03\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u80fd\u591f\u5feb\u901f\u3001\u53ef\u9760\u5730\u89e3\u6790\u57df\u540d\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>2.\u6ce8\u610f\u70b9<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u548c\u667a\u80fd DNS<\/strong>\uff1a\u6709\u65f6\uff0c\u6743\u5a01 DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd4\u56de\u591a\u4e2a IP \u5730\u5740\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e9b\u5927\u578b\u7f51\u7ad9\u4f1a\u5c06\u5176\u6d41\u91cf\u5206\u6563\u5230\u591a\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u4ee5\u5e73\u8861\u8d1f\u8f7d\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u5148\u8fdb\u7684 DNS \u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u5982 Google's Global Load Balancer\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5730\u7406\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u6761\u4ef6\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5065\u5eb7\u72b6\u51b5\u6765\u667a\u80fd\u5730\u9009\u62e9\u8fd4\u56de\u54ea\u4e2a IP \u5730\u5740\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>DNS \u7f13\u5b58\u6c61\u67d3\u548c DNS \u6b3a\u8bc8<\/strong>\uff1a\u7531\u4e8e DNS \u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u88ab\u7f13\u5b58\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u6076\u610f\u5229\u7528\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u8bd5\u56fe\u5c06\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c\u63d2\u5165 DNS \u7f13\u5b58\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u7528\u6237\u88ab\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5230\u6076\u610f\u7f51\u7ad9\u3002\u8fd9\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a DNS \u7f13\u5b58\u6c61\u67d3\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u5047\u7684 DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5e76\u5c1d\u8bd5\u6b3a\u9a97\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u6216 ISP \u7684 DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5047\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u8fd9\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a DNS \u6b3a\u8bc8\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u653b\u51fb\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>DNSSEC\uff08DNS \u5b89\u5168\u6269\u5c55\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e3a\u4e86\u9632\u6b62\u4e0a\u8ff0\u653b\u51fb\uff0cDNSSEC \u534f\u8bae\u88ab\u8bbe\u8ba1\u51fa\u6765\u3002DNSSEC \u4e3a DNS \u67e5\u8be2\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6e90\u8ba4\u8bc1\u548c\u6570\u636e\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u63d0\u4f9b\u4fdd\u5bc6\u6027\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528\u516c\u94a5\u52a0\u5bc6\u6280\u672f\uff0cDNSSEC \u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e86 DNS \u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\u548c\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>DNS over HTTPS\uff08DoH\uff09\u6216 DNS over TLS\uff08DoT\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b0\u6280\u672f\u90fd\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8 DNS \u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u9690\u79c1\u4fdd\u62a4\u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u7684 DNS \u67e5\u8be2\u662f\u660e\u6587\u7684\uff0c\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u76d1\u542c\u548c\u7a83\u53d6\u3002DoH \u548c DoT \u901a\u8fc7\u5728 DNS \u67e5\u8be2\u4e0a\u6dfb\u52a0 HTTPS \u6216 TLS \u52a0\u5bc6\u5c42\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97 DNS \u67e5\u8be2\u53d8\u5f97\u4e0d\u6613\u88ab\u62e6\u622a\u548c\u7be1\u6539\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f DNS<\/strong>\uff1aDNS \u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6ca1\u6709\u4e2d\u592e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b58\u50a8\u6240\u6709\u7684 DNS \u8bb0\u5f55\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0cDNS \u8bb0\u5f55\u88ab\u5206\u6563\u5728\u5168\u7403\u6570\u767e\u4e07\u53f0\u7684 DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4f7f\u5f97 DNS \u7cfb\u7edf\u5177\u6709\u6781\u9ad8\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u4f7f\u5f97 DNS \u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u9879\u6311\u6218\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>3.\u5b89\u88c5bind<\/h2>\n<blockquote>\n<p>BIND \u662f\u6700\u6d41\u884c\u7684 DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5b83\u5168\u79f0\u4e3a Berkeley Internet Name Domain\uff0c\u7531 Internet Systems Consortium \u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">#\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7684 Linux \u53d1\u884c\u7248\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u5b89\u88c5 BIND\u3002\u4ee5 Ubuntu\/Debian \u548c CentOS\/RHEL \u4e3a\u4f8b:\n# Ubuntu\/Debian\uff1a\nsudo apt-get update\nsudo apt-get install bind\n\n#CentOS\/RHEL\uff1a\nsudo yum install bind bind-utils\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>4.\u4f7f\u7528bind<\/h2>\n<blockquote>\n<p>BIND \u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u901a\u5e38\u4f4d\u4e8e <code>\/etc\/named.conf<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># 1.\u7f16\u8f91 \/etc\/named.conf\uff0c\u8bbe\u7f6e DNS \u8f6c\u53d1\u5668\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u53ef\u9009\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u53ef\u4ee5\u589e\u52a0\u89e3\u6790\u901f\u5ea6\noptions {\n    directory &quot;\/var\/cache\/bind&quot;;\n    recursion yes;\n    allow-query { any; };\n    forwarders {\n        8.8.8.8;  \/\/ Google \u7684 DNS\n        8.8.4.4;  \/\/ Google \u7684 DNS\n    };\n    forward only;\n};\n\n# 2.\u5728 \/etc\/named.rfc1912.zones \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4f60\u7684 DNS \u533a\u57df\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u4f60\u60f3\u8981\u4e3a example.com \u914d\u7f6e DNS\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u914d\u7f6e\uff1a\nzone &quot;example.com&quot; {\n    type master;\n    file &quot;\/etc\/bind\/zones\/db.example.com&quot;;\n};\n\n# 3.\u521b\u5efa\u4f60\u7684\u533a\u57df\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u5982 \/var\/named\/magedu.org.zone\uff09\u5e76\u8bbe\u7f6e DNS \u8bb0\u5f55\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\n$TTL    604800\n@       IN      SOA     ns.example.com. admin.example.com. (\n                          3         ; Serial\n                     604800         ; Refresh\n                      86400         ; Retry\n                    2419200         ; Expire\n                     604800 )       ; Negative Cache TTL\n;\n@       IN      NS      ns.example.com.\n@       IN      A       192.0.2.1\n@       IN      MX      10 mail.example.com.\nns      IN      A       192.0.2.2\nmail    IN      A       192.0.2.3\nwww     IN      CNAME   @\n\n# \u6700\u540e\uff0c\u91cd\u542f BIND \u670d\u52a1\u6765\u4f7f\u6539\u52a8\u751f\u6548\uff1a\nsudo systemctl restart named\n\n# \u542f\u52a8named\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u91cd\u65b0\u52a0\u8f7d\u53d8\u52a8\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u4f7f\u914d\u7f6e\u751f\u6548\nrndc reload\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>5.DNS\u7f13\u5b58<\/h2>\n<blockquote>\n<p>NSCD (Name Service Cache Daemon) \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u5b83\u5728\u672c\u5730\u7f13\u5b58DNS\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u547d\u540d\u670d\u52a1\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u67e5\u8be2\u901f\u5ea6\u548c\u51cf\u8f7bDNS\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8d1f\u62c5\u3002\u5728CentOS 7\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6b65\u9aa4\u5b89\u88c5\u548c\u914d\u7f6eNSCD\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># 1.\u5b89\u88c5NSCD\uff1a\n\u5728CentOS 7\u4e0a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528yum\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u6765\u5b89\u88c5NSCD\u3002\u6253\u5f00\u7ec8\u7aef\u5e76\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a\nsudo yum install nscd\n\n# 2.\u542f\u52a8nscd\nsystemctl enable --now nscd\n\n# 3.\u67e5\u770b\u7f13\u5b58\nnscd -g\n\n# 4.\u914d\u7f6enscd\nvim \/etc\/nscd.conf\n\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0cNSCD\u5df2\u7ecf\u9884\u914d\u7f6e\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u7f13\u5b58\u9879\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982hosts\uff08\u7528\u4e8eDNS\u67e5\u8be2\uff09\u548cpasswd\/group\uff08\u7528\u4e8e\u7528\u6237\u548c\u7ec4\u67e5\u8be2\uff09\u3002\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7f13\u5b58\u9879\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u548c\u8d85\u65f6\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\n\n# \u8981\u589e\u52a0DNS\u67e5\u8be2\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u4ee5\u4e0b\u884c\uff1a\npositive-time-to-live hosts 3600\n\u5c063600\u66f4\u6539\u4e3a\u6240\u9700\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\u65f6\u95f4\uff08\u4ee5\u79d2\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\uff09\u3002\u7136\u540e\u4fdd\u5b58\u5e76\u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\n\n# \u6e05\u7a7a\u7f13\u5b58\nsudo systemctl restart nscd\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u5728\u5b89\u88c5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ef\u80fd\u7531\u4e8eglibc-common\u5305\u7684\u7248\u672c\u548cndcd\u7684\u7248\u672c\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u5b89\u88c5\u4e0d\u4e0a\nError: Package: glibc-2.17-317.el7.i686 (base)\n           Requires: glibc-common = 2.17-317.el7\n           Installed: glibc-common-2.17-326.el7_9.x86_64 (installed)\n               glibc-common = 2.17-326.el7_9\n           Available: glibc-common-2.17-317.el7.x86_64 (base)\n               glibc-common = 2.17-317.el7\n You could try using --skip-broken to work around the problem\n You could try running: rpm -Va --nofiles --nodigest\n[root@centos7 ~]#\n\n# \u964d\u7ea7\u7248\u672c\nyum downgrade glibc glibc-devel glibc-common glibc-headers\n\n# \u67e5\u8be2\u5b89\u88c5\u4fe1\u606f\nyum list nscd --showduplicate\n\n# \u6216\u8005\u66f4\u65b0yum\u6e90\u627e\u5230\u4e0e glibc-common-2.17-326.el7_9.x86_64 \u5bf9\u5e94\u7248\u672c\u7684nscd\nwget -O \/etc\/yum.repos.d\/CentOS-Base.repo http:\/\/mirrors.aliyun.com\/repo\/Centos-7.repo\nsed -i  &#039;s\/$releasever\/7\/g&#039; \/etc\/yum.repos.d\/CentOS-Base.repo\nyum repolist \n\nyum list nscd --showduplicate\n# \u8f93\u51fa\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a\nAvailable Packages\nnscd.x86_64                                                                              2.17-317.el7                                                                                base\nnscd.x86_64                                                                              2.17-322.el7_9                                                                              updates\nnscd.x86_64                                                                              2.17-323.el7_9                                                                              updates\nnscd.x86_64                                                                              2.17-324.el7_9                                                                              updates\nnscd.x86_64                                                                              2.17-325.el7_9                                                                              updates\nnscd.x86_64<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>6.\u533a\u57df\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u7f16\u5199<\/h2>\n<blockquote>\n<p>BIND\uff08Berkeley Internet Name Domain\uff09\u662f\u6700\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u7684DNS\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u4eba\u7c7b\u53ef\u8bfb\u7684\u7f51\u7ad9\u540d\u79f0\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e0a\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u3002\u5728BIND\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u7f16\u8f91\u533a\u57df\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4e49DNS\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5e94\u5982\u4f55\u89e3\u6790\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u57df\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u533a\u57df\u6587\u4ef6\uff08\u4e5f\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3azone file\uff09\u662fBIND DNS\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2aDNS\u57df\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u533a\u57df\u6587\u4ef6\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5305\u62ecSOA\u8bb0\u5f55\u3001NS\u8bb0\u5f55\u3001A\u8bb0\u5f55\u3001AAAA\u8bb0\u5f55\u3001CNAME\u8bb0\u5f55\u3001MX\u8bb0\u5f55\u7b49\u3002\u533a\u57df\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u76ee\u5f55\u4e00\u822c\u5728\/var\/named\/\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u533a\u57df\u6587\u4ef6\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u7ec4\u8d44\u6e90\u8bb0\u5f55\uff08Resource Records, RR\uff09\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8d44\u6e90\u8bb0\u5f55\u90fd\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u7684DNS\u67e5\u8be2\u7c7b\u578b\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u8bb0\u5f55\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a\n\n1.SOA\u8bb0\u5f55\uff08Start of Authority\uff09\uff1a\u8fd9\u662f\u533a\u57df\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6761\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u7ba1\u7406\u8be5\u533a\u57df\u7684\u4e3b DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e0e\u8be5\u533a\u57df\u5237\u65b0\u548c\u8fc7\u671f\u65f6\u95f4\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u8bbe\u7f6e,\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bb0\u5f55\u5305\u542b\u5173\u4e8eDNS\u533a\u57df\u7684\u5168\u5c40\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u5982\u8d1f\u8d23\u8be5\u533a\u57df\u7684\u90ae\u7bb1\u3001\u533a\u57df\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u53f7\u3001\u5237\u65b0\u65f6\u95f4\u7b49\u3002\n2.A\u8bb0\u5f55\uff08Address\uff09\uff1a\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bb0\u5f55\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u89e3\u6790\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2aIPv4\u5730\u5740\u3002\n3.AAAA\u8bb0\u5f55\uff1a\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bb0\u5f55\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u89e3\u6790\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2aIPv6\u5730\u5740\u3002\n4.CNAME\u8bb0\u5f55\uff08Canonical Name\uff09\uff1a\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bb0\u5f55\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u89e3\u6790\u4e3a\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\uff0c\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e3a\u522b\u540d\u3002\n5.MX\u8bb0\u5f55\uff08Mail Exchange\uff09\uff1a\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bb0\u5f55\u5b9a\u4e49\u7528\u4e8e\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\n6.NS\u8bb0\u5f55\uff08Name Server\uff09\uff1a\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bb0\u5f55\u5b9a\u4e49\u5904\u7406\u7279\u5b9a\u533a\u57df\u7684DNS\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\n7.SRV\u8bb0\u5f55\uff1a\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bb0\u5f55\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u7279\u5b9a\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cSRV\u8bb0\u5f55\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u53d1\u73b0SIP\uff08Session Initiation Protocol\uff09\u670d\u52a1\u6216LDAP\uff08Lightweight Directory Access Protocol\uff09\u670d\u52a1\u3002\n# SRV\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a\n_service._proto.name. TTL class SRV priority weight port target.\n\n8.TXT\u8bb0\u5f55\uff08Text\uff09\uff1a\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bb0\u5f55\u5305\u542b\u4efb\u4f55\u6587\u672c\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u7ecf\u5e38\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u5404\u79cd\u9a8c\u8bc1\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u5982SPF\uff08Sender Policy Framework\uff09\u548cDKIM\uff08DomainKeys Identified Mail\uff09\u3002\n# TXT\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a\nname. TTL class TXT &quot;text&quot;\n\n# SOA\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a\nname. TTL class SOA MNAME RNAME ( SERIAL REFRESH RETRY EXPIRE MINIMUM )\n# \u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\nexample.com. 3600 IN SOA ns1.example.com. hostmaster.example.com. (\n       1    ; Serial\n       1D   ; Refresh\n       1H   ; Retry\n       1W   ; Expire\n       3H   ; Minimum\n)\n# \u542b\u4e49\u89e3\u91ca\uff1a\nserial\uff1a\u8fd9\u662f\u533a\u57df\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u7248\u672c\u53f7\u3002\u5f53\u4f60\u5bf9\u533a\u57df\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\u65f6\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u5c06\u6b64\u6570\u503c\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u7528\u4e8e\u4ece DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u901a\u77e5\u5176\u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u54ea\u4e9b\u533a\u57df\u5df2\u7ecf\u66f4\u65b0\u4e86\u3002\nrefresh\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u591a\u4e45\u53bb\u68c0\u67e5\u4e00\u6b21\u66f4\u65b0\uff08\u5728\u4e3b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\uff09\u3002\u5728\u4f60\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c1D \u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u5929\uff08D \u662f day \u7684\u7f29\u5199\uff09\u3002\nretry\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u672a\u80fd\u5728 refresh \u53c2\u6570\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u8fbe\u5230\u4e3b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u5931\u8d25\u540e\u5e94\u8be5\u7b49\u5f85\u591a\u4e45\u624d\u5c1d\u8bd5\u518d\u6b21\u8054\u7cfb\u4e3b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u5728\u4f60\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c1H \u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u5c0f\u65f6\uff08H \u662f hour \u7684\u7f29\u5199\uff09\u3002\nexpire\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5728\u65e0\u6cd5\u8054\u7cfb\u4e3b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u540e\u5e94\u8be5\u591a\u4e45\u505c\u6b62\u56de\u7b54\u5173\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u533a\u57df\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u3002\u5728\u4f60\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c1W \u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u5468\uff08W \u662f week \u7684\u7f29\u5199\uff09\u3002\nminimum\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6570\u5b57\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u5176\u4ed6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5728\u5176\u7f13\u5b58\u4e2d\u4fdd\u5b58\u533a\u57df\u6570\u636e\u591a\u4e45\u3002\u5728\u4f60\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c3H \u4ee3\u8868\u4e09\u5c0f\u65f6\n\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53c2\u6570\u90fd\u7528\u4e8e DNS \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u533a\u57df\u6570\u636e\u590d\u5236\u548c\u7f13\u5b58\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\n\n# \u57fa\u7840\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a\nname ttl class type data\n\n# \u542b\u4e49\uff1a\nname\u662f\u4f60\u8981\u89e3\u6790\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u3002\nttl\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bb0\u5f55\u5728\u5176\u5b83DNS\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4ee5\u79d2\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u3002\nclass\u51e0\u4e4e\u603b\u662fIN\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u201cInternet\u201d\u3002\ntype\u662f\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5982A\u3001AAAA\u3001CNAME\u3001MX\u6216NS\u3002\ndata\u662f\u5bf9\u5e94\u8bb0\u5f55\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u6570\u636e\u3002\n\n# \u6848\u4f8b(;\u8868\u793a\u6ce8\u91ca)\uff1a\n; A \u8bb0\u5f55\nexample.com.   3600   IN   A   192.0.2.1\n\n; AAAA \u8bb0\u5f55\nexample.com.   3600   IN   AAAA   2001:0db8:85a3::8a2e:0370:7334\n\n; CNAME \u8bb0\u5f55\nwww.example.com.   3600   IN   CNAME   example.com.\n\n; MX \u8bb0\u5f55\nexample.com.   3600   IN   MX 10   mail.example.com.\n\n; NS \u8bb0\u5f55\nexample.com.   3600   IN   NS   ns1.example.com.\n\n; SRV \u8bb0\u5f55\n_sip._tcp.example.com. 3600 IN SRV 10 60 5060 sipserver.example.com.\n# \u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c_sip._tcp\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u670d\u52a1\u548c\u534f\u8bae\uff0c10\u662f\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff0c60\u662f\u6743\u91cd\uff0c5060\u662f\u7aef\u53e3\uff0csipserver.example.com\u662f\u5904\u7406\u8be5\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\n\n; TXT \u8bb0\u5f55\nexample.com. 3600 IN TXT &quot;v=spf1 +mx -all&quot;<\/code><\/pre>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\"># \u6848\u4f8b\uff1a\n$TTL 86400 ;\u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f\u79d2\u3002\u6216\u8005\u5199\u6210$TTL 1D\n@ IN SOA ns1.example.com. hostmaster.example.com. (\n      2023072401 ; Serial\n      3600       ; Refresh\n      1800       ; Retry\n      604800     ; Expire\n      86400      ; Minimum\n)\n\n; NS\u8bb0\u5f55\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u8d1f\u8d23\u8fd9\u4e2a\u533a\u57df\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\n@ IN NS ns1.example.com.\n\n; A\u8bb0\u5f55\u548cAAAA\u8bb0\u5f55\u5c06\u57df\u540d\u89e3\u6790\u4e3aIP\u5730\u5740\u3002\nexample.com. IN A 192.0.2.1\nexample.com. IN AAAA 2001:0db8:85a3::8a2e:0370:7334\n\n; CNAME\u8bb0\u5f55\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u522b\u540d\u3002\nwww IN CNAME example.com.\n\n; MX\u8bb0\u5f55\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u7528\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u57df\u7684\u90ae\u4ef6\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\n@ IN MX 10 mail.example.com.\n\n# \u89e3\u91ca\uff1a\n\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff1a\n\n# $TTL 86400\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u8d44\u6e90\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u751f\u5b58\u65f6\u95f4\uff08Time To Live\uff09\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bb0\u5f55\u6ca1\u6709\u6307\u5b9aTTL\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u3002\n# @\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7b26\u53f7\u5728\u533a\u57df\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u5f53\u524d\u533a\u57df\u7684\u539f\u59cb\u6216\u5b8c\u6574\u540d\u79f0\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u533a\u57df\u662f example.com.\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48 @ \u5c31\u4ee3\u8868 example.com.\u3002\n# \u6bcf\u4e2a\u8d44\u6e90\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u884c\u9996\u662f\u57df\u540d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7701\u7565\u4e86\u57df\u540d\uff08\u5982CNAME\u8bb0\u5f55\uff09\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0a\u4e00\u6761\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u57df\u540d\u3002\u7701\u7565\u4e86IN\u4e5f\u4f1a\u4ece\u6700\u5f00\u59cb\u7684SOA\u5f00\u59cb\u7ee7\u627f\n# \u9664\u4e86SOA\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u8bb0\u5f55\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ee5\u4efb\u610f\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u4f46\u662fSOA\u8bb0\u5f55\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u6761\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u4e14\u6bcf\u4e2a\u533a\u57df\u53ea\u80fd\u6709\u4e00\u6761SOA\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002\u533a\u57df\u6587\u4ef6\u7ed3\u675f\u65f6\uff0c\u5e38\u5e38\u4ee5\u4e00\u884c\u53ea\u542b\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u72ec\u7684EOF\uff08End Of File\uff09\u6807\u8bb0\u7ed3\u675f\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u5fc5\u987b\u7684\u3002\n# *\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7b26\u53f7\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u901a\u914d\u7b26\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u4efb\u4f55\u6ca1\u6709\u663e\u5f0f\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a A \u8bb0\u5f55\u50cf *.example.com. A 192.0.2.1\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4efb\u4f55\u50cf anything.example.com \u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u90fd\u4f1a\u89e3\u6790\u5230 192.0.2.1\uff0c\u53ea\u8981 anything.example.com \u6ca1\u6709\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u65b9\u88ab\u660e\u786e\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>7.\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e3bDNS\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/h2>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u7f16\u8f91bind\u7684\u4e3b\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\n# \u524d\u63d0\uff1a\u5173\u95edselinux\uff0c\u5173\u95ed\u9632\u706b\u5899\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u540c\u6b65\nvim \/etc\/named.conf\n\nlisten-on port 53 { 127.0.0.1; };\nallow-query { localhost; };\n# \u76f4\u63a5\u6ce8\u91ca\u6389\u4e0a\u9762\u4e24\u884c\u6216\u8005\u4fee\u6539\u4e3a\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5373\u53ef\n# 1. listen-on port 53 { 127.0.0.1; }; \u8fd9\u4e00\u884c\u544a\u8bc9BIND\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5728\u672c\u5730\u5730\u5740\uff08127.0.0.1\uff09\u768453\u7aef\u53e3\u4e0a\u76d1\u542cDNS\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u8ba9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5728\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u7528\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0a\u76d1\u542c\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5176\u4fee\u6539\u4e3a any\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a\nlisten-on port 53 { any; };\nlisten-on port 53 { 192.0.2.1; 203.0.113.1; };\nlisten-on port 53 { localhost; };\n# \u8fd9\u4e09\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684localhost\u4e0d\u662f127.0.0.1\u7684\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u83b7\u53d6\u7684\u672c\u673a\u7684\u5b9e\u9645ip\u5730\u5740\nudp               UNCONN             0                  0                                     10.0.0.100:53                                  0.0.0.0:*\n\n# 2. allow-query { localhost; }; \u8fd9\u4e00\u884c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u54ea\u4e9b\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9BIND\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fdb\u884c\u67e5\u8be2\u3002\u5f53\u524d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u672c\u5730\u4e3b\u673a\u8fdb\u884c\u67e5\u8be2\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u5141\u8bb8\u6240\u6709\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fdb\u884c\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5176\u4fee\u6539\u4e3a any\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a\nallow-query { any; };\nallow-query { none; };\n# \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u53ea\u60f3\u5141\u8bb8\u67d0\u4e9b\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fdb\u884c\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5217\u51fa\u5b83\u4eec\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a\nallow-query { 192.0.2.1; 203.0.113.1; };\n\n# \u5728listen-on port 53 { };\u548callow-query { };\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u914d\u7f6e\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u6307\u5b9a\u4efb\u4f55\u6709\u6548\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u6216\u8005\u5730\u5740\u5339\u914d\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\n\u5355\u4e2aIP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982192.0.2.1\u3002\n\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982192.0.2.0\/24\u3002\n\u5730\u5740\u5339\u914d\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982{ 192.0.2.0\/24; 203.0.113.0\/24; };\u3002\n\n# \u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0cBIND\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5185\u7f6e\u7684\u5730\u5740\u5339\u914d\u5217\u8868\uff1a\nany\uff1a\u5339\u914d\u4efb\u4f55IP\u5730\u5740\u3002\nlocalhost\uff1a\u5339\u914d\u73af\u56de\u5730\u5740127.0.0.1\u548c::1\u3002\nlocalnets\uff1a\u5339\u914d\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6240\u6709\u63a5\u53e3\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u5b50\u7f51\u7684\u5730\u5740\u3002\nnone\uff1a\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u4efb\u4f55\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u5b9a\u4e49\u533a\u57df\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e3b\u57df\u540d\nvim \/etc\/named.rfc1912.zones\n\n# \u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u201cIN\u201d\u53ef\u4ee5\u7701\u7565\nzone &quot;magedu.org&quot; IN {\n    type master;\n    file &quot;magedu.org.zone&quot;;\n};<\/code><\/pre>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u533a\u57df\u6570\u636e\u5e93\nmaster\u662f\u4e3b\u57df\u540d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u540e\u9762\u4e0d\u52a0.\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4f1a\u8865\u5168\u5728\/etc\/named.rfc1912.zones\u4e2d\u5199\u7684\u57df\u540d\u5c31\u662fmagedu.org;\u5982\u679c\u52a0\u4e86.\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8865\u5168\uff1b\u540e\u9762\u7684admin.magedu.org.\u662f\u90ae\u7bb1\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5199\u3002\ncp -p \/var\/named\/named.localhost \/var\/named\/magedu.org.zone\n$TTL 1D\n@   IN SOA  master admin.magedu.org. (\n                    9   ; serial\n                    1D  ; refresh\n                    1H  ; retry\n                    1W  ; expire\n                    3H )    ; minimum\n            NS  master\nmaster      A   10.0.0.100\nwww         A   10.0.0.104\n\n#\u6700\u540e\u7528\u6237\u7ec4\u662fnamed\uff0c\u6743\u9650\u662f640,\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u662f\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528chgrp\u547d\u4ee4\u624b\u52a8\u66f4\u6539\u7ec4\uff1b\u4f7f\u7528chmod\u547d\u4ee4\u66f4\u6539\u6743\u9650\n\n#\u5b9e\u73b0web\u670d\u52a1(\u5c31\u662f104\u90a3\u53f0\u673a\u5668)\nyum -y install httpd\n#\u914d\u7f6e\u4e3b\u9875\u9762\necho www.magedu.org &gt; \/var\/www\/html\/index.html\n#\u542f\u52a8\u670d\u52a1\nsystemctl start httpd<\/code><\/pre>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u4e3b\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u8bed\u6cd5\u68c0\u67e5\nnamed-checkconf\n\n# \u533a\u57df\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\u8bed\u6cd5\u68c0\u67e5\nnamed-checkzone &quot;magedu.org&quot; \/var\/named\/magedu.org.zone\n\n#\u914d\u7f6e\u751f\u6548(\u4e09\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u4efb\u9009\u5176\u4e00)\nrndc reload\nsystemctl restart named #\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u542f\u52a8\u5fc5\u987b\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\nservice named reload<\/code><\/pre>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6d4b\u8bd5\n\n# \u5b89\u88c5bind\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5de5\u5177(\u5305\u62ecdig\uff0chost,nslookup)\nyum -y install bind-utils<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>8.\u5173\u95eddnssec\u529f\u80fd<\/h2>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u5728\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u9020\u6210\u7ed3\u679c\u4e0d\u7406\u60f3\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u5173\u6389\u4e0b\u9762\u4e24\u4e2a\u529f\u80fd\nvim \/etc\/named.conf\n# \u5c06\u4e0b\u9762\u4e24\u9879\u4fee\u6539\u6210no\ndnssec-enable no;\ndnssec-validation no;<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>9.\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e3b\u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/h2>\n<blockquote>\n<p>DNS\u4e3b\u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6a21\u578b\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u7684DNS\u90e8\u7f72\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e3b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u62e5\u6709DNS\u533a\u57df\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u8d1f\u8d23\u7ba1\u7406DNS\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u800c\u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5219\u4ece\u4e3b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u90a3\u91cc\u83b7\u53d6\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4f7f\u7528BIND\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e3b\u4eceDNS\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># 1.\u914d\u7f6e\u4e3bDNS\u670d\u52a1\u5668(\u4e3a\u4e86\u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u80fd\u591f\u4ece\u4e3b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u83b7\u53d6\u533a\u57df\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5728\u4e3b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2aallow-transfer\u8bed\u53e5\uff1a)\nvim \/etc\/named.conf\n\noptions {\n    # \u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fdb\u884c\u533a\u57df\u4f20\u8f93\n    allow-transfer { ip_of_slave; };\n};\n# \u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u914d\u7f6e\u4e2d\uff0cip_of_slave\u5e94\u8be5\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u4f60\u7684\u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u3002\n# allow-transfer \u8be5\u9009\u9879\u63a7\u5236 DNS \u533a\u57df\u8f6c\u6362\u7684\u5141\u8bb8\u8303\u56f4.\u7279\u522b\u5730\uff0callow-transfer \u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u54ea\u4e9b\u4e3b\u673a\uff08\u901a\u8fc7 IP \u5730\u5740\u6307\u5b9a\uff09\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u8be5 DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u83b7\u53d6 DNS \u533a\u57df\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u62f7\u8d1d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u62f7\u8d1d\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a &quot;zone transfer&quot;\u3002\n# \u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u4ece DNS \u67b6\u6784\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e3b DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f1a\u62e5\u6709\u6700\u521d\u548c\u6700\u5b8c\u6574\u7684 DNS \u533a\u57df\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u800c\u4ece DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08\u5373 &quot;slave&quot; \u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff09\u5219\u9700\u8981\u4ece\u4e3b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u90a3\u91cc\u83b7\u53d6\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u7684\u62f7\u8d1d\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5197\u4f59\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u5982\u679c\u4e3b DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u51fa\u73b0\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ee7\u7eed\u63d0\u4f9b DNS \u670d\u52a1\u3002\n\n# 2.\u914d\u7f6e\u4eceDNS\u670d\u52a1\u5668(\u5728\u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u5b89\u88c5BIND\u5e76\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ece\u533a\u57df\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u3002\u5728BIND\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d,\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a)\nvim \/etc\/named.conf\n# \u6ce8\u91ca\u6389\u4e0b\u9762\u4e24\u884c\n\/\/ listen-on port 53 { 127.0.0.1; };\n\/\/ allow-query { localhost; };\n# \u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u5176\u5b83\u4e3b\u673a\u8fdb\u884c\u533a\u57df\u4f20\u8f93\nallow-transfer { none; };\n\nvim \/etc\/named.rfc1912.zones\nzone &quot;magedu.org&quot; IN {\n    type slave;\n    masters {10.0.0.100;};\n    file &quot;slaves\/magedu.org.slave&quot;;\n};\n\n# \u7f16\u8f91\u4e3b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u533a\u57df\u6587\u4ef6\nvi \/var\/named\/maedu.org.zone\n\n$TTL 1D\n@   IN SOA  master admin.magedu.org. (\n                    9   ; serial\n                    1D  ; refresh\n                    1H  ; retry\n                    1W  ; expire\n                    3H )    ; minimum\n            NS  master\n            NS  slave\nmaster      A   10.0.0.100\nslave       A   10.0.0.122\nwww         A   10.0.0.104\n\n# \nrndc reload\n\n# \u67e5\u770b\u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u533a\u57df\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u751f\u6210\nll \/var\/named\/slaves\/magedu.org.slave\n\n# \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e3b\u4eceDNS\u670d\u52a1\u67b6\u6784\nvim \/etc\/sysconfig\/network-scprits\/ifcfg-eth0\nDNS1=\u4e3b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\nDNS2=\u4ece\u670d\u52a1\u5668\n\n#\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4eceDNS\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u8be2\ndig www.magedu.org\ncurl www.magedu.org\n\n#\u5728\u4e3b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u505c\u6b62DNS\u670d\u52a1\nsystemctl stop named\/rndc stop\n\n#\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4eceDNS\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u8be2\ndig www.magedu.org\ncurl www.magedu.org<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>10.\u5b50\u57df\u59d4\u6d3e<\/h2>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\u5b50\u57df\u59d4\u6d3e\u5c31\u662f\u5c06\u67d0\u4e2a\u57df\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff08\u5b50\u57df\uff09\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u6743\u59d4\u6d3e\u7ed9\u5176\u4ed6\u7684DNS\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4f7f\u7528BIND\u5b9e\u73b0\u5b50\u57df\u59d4\u6d3e\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># 1.\u5728\u4e3b\u57df\u7684DNS\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u914d\u7f6e\u5b50\u57df\n#\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u5728\u4e3b\u57df\u7684DNS\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2aNS\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u4ee5\u6307\u5411\u8d1f\u8d23\u5b50\u57df\u7684DNS\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u5728\u4e3b\u57df\u7684\u533a\u57df\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u5c06magedu.org\u5b50\u57df\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u6743\u59d4\u6d3e\u7ed9shanghai.magedu.org\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff1a\nvim \/var\/named\/magedu.org.zone\n$TTL 1D\n@   IN SOA  master admin.magedu.org. (\n                    9   ; serial\n                    1D  ; refresh\n                    1H  ; retry\n                    1W  ; expire\n                    3H )    ; minimum\n            NS  master\n            NS  slave1\nshanghai    NS  shanghaidns\nmaster      A   10.0.0.100\nslave1      A   10.0.0.122\nshanghaidns A   10.0.0.123\nwww         A   10.0.0.104<\/code><\/pre>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># 2. \u5728\u5b50\u57df\u7684DNS\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u914d\u7f6e\u533a\u57df\n# \u5728\u8d1f\u8d23\u5b50\u57df\u7684DNS\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u533a\u57df\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5e76\u5728BIND\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5f15\u7528\u5b83\u3002\nvim \/etc\/named.rfc1912.zones\n\nzone &quot;shanghai.magedu.org&quot; {\n    type master;\n    file &quot;shanghai.magedu.org.zone&quot;;\n};\n\nvim \/etc\/named.conf\n#\u6ce8\u91ca\u6389\u4e0b\u9762\u4e24\u884c\n\/\/ listen-on port 53 { 127.0.0.1; };\n\/\/ allow-query { localhost; };\nallow-transfer { none;};\n#\u5efa\u8bae\u5173\u95ed\u52a0\u5bc6\u9a8c\u8bc1\ndnssec-enable no;\ndnssec-validation no;<\/code><\/pre>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># 3.\u5199\u533a\u57df\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6587\u4ef6\nvim \/var\/named\/shanghai.magedu.org.zone\n\n$TTL 1D\n@   IN  SOA ns1 admin ( 3 12H 10M 3D 3H)\n        NS  ns1\nns1     A   10.0.0.123\nwww     A   10.0.0.203\nxing    A   10.0.0.222\ntest    A   10.0.0.121\n\nchgrp named shanghai.magedu.org.zone\nchmod 640 shanghai.magedu.org.zone\n\n# \u91cd\u542f\u670d\u52a1\nrndc reload\n\n# \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6d4b\u8bd5\ndig www.shanghai.magedu.org\nwww.shanghai.magedu.org\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>11.\u5b9e\u73b0DNS\u8f6c\u53d1\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/h2>\n<blockquote>\n<p>DNS\u8f6c\u53d1\u5728BIND\u4e2d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u4f60\u7684DNS\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5c06\u67e5\u8be2\u8bf7\u6c42\u8f6c\u53d1\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2aDNS\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u8fdb\u884c\u9012\u5f52\u67e5\u627e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u5176\u4ed6DNS\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u7f13\u5b58\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># DNS\u8f6c\u53d1\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728BIND\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u5728 \/etc\/named.conf \u6216 \/etc\/bind\/named.conf \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u4f60\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbe\u7f6e forwarders \u548c forward \u4e24\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0DNS\u8f6c\u53d1\u3002\n\n# \u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\uff1a\n# 1.forwarders\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u4f60\u60f3\u8981\u5c06\u67e5\u8be2\u8bf7\u6c42\u8f6c\u53d1\u5230\u7684DNS\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u3002\u4f60\u5e94\u8be5\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\u653e\u5728\u82b1\u62ec\u53f7\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u5206\u53f7\u5c06\u6bcf\u4e2aIP\u5730\u5740\u5206\u9694\u5f00\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\nforwarders {\n    8.8.8.8;\n    8.8.4.4;\n};\n# \u4e0a\u8ff0\u4ee3\u7801\u5c06\u67e5\u8be2\u8bf7\u6c42\u8f6c\u53d1\u5230 Google \u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u516c\u5171 DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\n\n# 2.\n# forward\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4f60\u7684DNS\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u67e5\u8be2\u3002\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u503c\uff1afirst \u548c only\u3002\n# first\uff1a\u8fd9\u662f\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u3002\u5f53\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a first \u65f6\uff0cBIND \u9996\u5148\u4f1a\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5c06\u67e5\u8be2\u8bf7\u6c42\u8f6c\u53d1\u5230 forwarders \u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65e0\u6cd5\u56de\u7b54\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u6ca1\u6709\u54cd\u5e94\uff0cBIND \u4f1a\u5c1d\u8bd5\u81ea\u5df1\u8fdb\u884c\u9012\u5f52\u67e5\u8be2\u3002\n# only\uff1a\u5f53\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a only \u65f6\uff0cBIND \u53ea\u4f1a\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5c06\u67e5\u8be2\u8bf7\u6c42\u8f6c\u53d1\u5230 forwarders \u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u65e0\u6cd5\u56de\u7b54\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u6ca1\u6709\u54cd\u5e94\uff0cBIND \u4e0d\u4f1a\u5c1d\u8bd5\u81ea\u5df1\u8fdb\u884c\u9012\u5f52\u67e5\u8be2\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\u3002\n\n# \u6848\u4f8b\uff1a\noptions {\n    directory &quot;\/var\/cache\/bind&quot;;\n\n    recursion yes;\n\n    forwarders {\n        8.8.8.8;\n        8.8.4.4;\n    };\n\n    forward only;\n};\n# \u8fd9\u4e2a\u914d\u7f6e\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u7684 DNS \u67e5\u8be2\u8bf7\u6c42\u8f6c\u53d1\u5230 Google \u7684 DNS \u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ea\u4f7f\u7528\u8f6c\u53d1\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fdb\u884c\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9012\u5f52\u67e5\u8be2\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>12.CDN\u670d\u52a1<\/h2>\n<blockquote>\n<p>CDN\u662f\u5185\u5bb9\u5206\u53d1\u7f51\u7edc\uff08Content Delivery Network\uff09\u7684\u7f29\u5199\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7f51\u7edc\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u7f51\u7edc\u5185\u5bb9\u5206\u53d1\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4e3a\u7528\u6237\u63d0\u4f9b\u9ad8\u6548\u7387\u3001\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u548c\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u539f\u5219\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u5730\u7406\u4e0a\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u83b7\u53d6\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u51cf\u5c11\u5ef6\u8fdf\u5e76\u63d0\u9ad8\u901f\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># 1.\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u7406\u89e3DNS\uff08\u57df\u540d\u7cfb\u7edf\uff09\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u3002DNS\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5c06\u7528\u6237\u6613\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u7f51\u7ad9\u540d\u79f0\uff08\u5982www.example.com\uff09\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u673a\u5668\u6613\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\uff08\u5982192.168.0.1\uff09\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u6bcf\u5f53\u60a8\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u4e2d\u8f93\u5165\u4e00\u4e2aURL\u65f6\uff0cDNS\u670d\u52a1\u90fd\u4f1a\u627e\u5230\u4e0e\u8be5URL\u5173\u8054\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u60a8\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u80fd\u591f\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u8be5\u7f51\u7ad9\u3002\n\n# 2.CDN\u670d\u52a1\u548cDNS\u7ed3\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u6700\u6709\u6548\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5206\u53d1\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u8bbf\u95ee\u4f7f\u7528CDN\u7684\u7f51\u7ad9\u65f6\uff0cDNS\u89e3\u6790\u4f1a\u8003\u8651\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u5982\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5730\u7406\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u72b6\u51b5\u548c\u5f53\u524d\u6d41\u91cf\u60c5\u51b5\u7b49\uff0c\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\u5c06\u7528\u6237\u5f15\u5bfc\u5230\u54ea\u4e2aCDN\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u5728\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u5feb\u901f\u3001\u7a33\u5b9a\u548c\u5b89\u5168\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u3002\n\n# 3.\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7ad9\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5206\u5e03\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u3001\u6b27\u6d32\u548c\u4e9a\u6d32\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u3002\u5f53\u4e00\u4f4d\u5728\u4e9a\u6d32\u7684\u7528\u6237\u8bf7\u6c42\u8be5\u7f51\u7ad9\u65f6\uff0cDNS\u670d\u52a1\u5c06\u4f1a\u89e3\u6790\u5230\u4e9a\u6d32\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u6216\u6b27\u6d32\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ece\u5730\u7406\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u4e9a\u6d32\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u79bb\u7528\u6237\u6700\u8fd1\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u5feb\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u3002\n\n# 4.\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u67d0\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6216\u8282\u70b9\u51fa\u73b0\u6545\u969c\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5176\u4ed6\u8282\u70b9\u8bbf\u95ee\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64CDN\u670d\u52a1\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u589e\u5f3a\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u548c\u5197\u4f59\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u76f8\u5173\u6982\u5ff5\n\n# 1.\u8282\u70b9\uff08Point of Presence, PoP\uff09\uff1a\u8282\u70b9\u662f\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002CDN\u4f1a\u5c06\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u590d\u5236\u5230\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u5730\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u8282\u70b9\u4e0a\u3002\n# 2.\u8fb9\u7f18\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08Edge Server\uff09\uff1a\u8fb9\u7f18\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u662f\u8282\u70b9\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5b83\u4f4d\u4e8e\u7528\u6237\u548c\u539f\u59cb\u5185\u5bb9\u63d0\u4f9b\u8005\uff08\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e3a\u539f\u59cb\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff09\u4e4b\u95f4\u3002\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u9996\u5148\u5230\u8fbe\u8fb9\u7f18\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8fb9\u7f18\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u6709\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u7528\u6237\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u8bf7\u6c42\u8f6c\u53d1\u7ed9\u539f\u59cb\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u8fb9\u7f18\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\n# 3.\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\uff08Load Balancing\uff09\uff1a\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5c06\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf\u5206\u914d\u5230\u591a\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d8\u5f97\u8fc7\u4e8e\u7e41\u5fd9\uff0c\u5e76\u786e\u4fdd\u6bcf\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u90fd\u88ab\u5145\u5206\u5229\u7528\u3002\n# 4.DNS\u89e3\u6790\uff08DNS Resolution\uff09\uff1a\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e00\u4e2aURL\u65f6\uff0cDNS\u670d\u52a1\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e2aURL\u89e3\u6790\u4e3a\u4e0e\u4e4b\u76f8\u5173\u8054\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u3002\u5728CDN\u4e2d\uff0cDNS\u89e3\u6790\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u8003\u8651\u5230\u56e0\u7d20\u5982\u7528\u6237\u7684\u5730\u7406\u4f4d\u7f6e\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4ee5\u51b3\u5b9a\u5c06\u7528\u6237\u5b9a\u5411\u5230\u54ea\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u3002\n\n# \u8fd0\u884c\u903b\u8f91\n# 1.\u5185\u5bb9\u7684\u590d\u5236\u548c\u5206\u53d1\uff1a\u5f53\u4f60\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5185\u5bb9\u63d0\u4f9b\u8005\u5411CDN\u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u5bb9\u65f6\uff0cCDN\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5185\u5bb9\u590d\u5236\u5e76\u5206\u53d1\u5230\u5176\u5168\u7403\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u6570\u767e\u751a\u81f3\u6570\u5343\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u3002\n# 2.\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\uff1a\u5f53\u7528\u6237\u8bf7\u6c42\u67d0\u4e2aURL\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u9996\u5148\u88ab\u53d1\u9001\u5230DNS\u670d\u52a1\u3002\n# 3.DNS\u89e3\u6790\uff1aDNS\u670d\u52a1\u89e3\u6790\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684URL\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u4e0e\u4e4b\u5173\u8054\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u3002\u5728CDN\u4e2d\uff0cDNS\u670d\u52a1\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u80fd\u4e3a\u7528\u6237\u63d0\u4f9b\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u3002\n# 4.\u63d0\u4f9b\u5185\u5bb9\uff1a\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u88ab\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u88abDNS\u89e3\u6790\u9009\u5b9a\u7684\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u8fd4\u56de\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u7ed9\u7528\u6237\u3002\n# 5.\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u53d8\u5f97\u8fc7\u4e8e\u7e41\u5fd9\uff0cCDN\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5c06\u4e00\u4e9b\u6d41\u91cf\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u8f83\u5c11\u7e41\u5fd9\u7684\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5feb\u901f\u3001\u6709\u6548\u5730\u83b7\u53d6\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\n# 6.\u7f13\u5b58\u548c\u66f4\u65b0\uff1aCDN\u8282\u70b9\u4f1a\u7f13\u5b58\u5185\u5bb9\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u80fd\u5feb\u901f\u63d0\u4f9b\u7ed9\u7528\u6237\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5185\u5bb9\u53d1\u751f\u66f4\u6539\uff0cCDN\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u65b0\u5176\u8282\u70b9\u4e0a\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u7528\u6237\u83b7\u53d6\u7684\u662f\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u7248\u672c\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>1.\u5de5\u4f5c\u903b\u8f91 DNS\uff08\u57df\u540d\u7cfb\u7edf\uff09\u662f\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u6838\u5fc3\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u5b83\u8d1f\u8d23\u5c06\u4eba\u7c7b\u53ef\u8bfb\u7684\u7f51\u5740\uff08\u4f8b\u5982 www.goo [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[53],"tags":[57],"views":213,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/8.141.4.74\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/373"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/8.141.4.74\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/8.141.4.74\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/8.141.4.74\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/8.141.4.74\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=373"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"http:\/\/8.141.4.74\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/373\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":452,"href":"http:\/\/8.141.4.74\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/373\/revisions\/452"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/8.141.4.74\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=373"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/8.141.4.74\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=373"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/8.141.4.74\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=373"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}