{"id":481,"date":"2024-04-24T22:54:49","date_gmt":"2024-04-24T14:54:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/8.141.4.74\/?p=481"},"modified":"2024-04-24T22:54:49","modified_gmt":"2024-04-24T14:54:49","slug":"%e4%bc%81%e4%b8%9a%e7%ba%a7%e8%b0%83%e5%ba%a6%e5%99%a8lvs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/8.141.4.74\/?p=481","title":{"rendered":"\u4f01\u4e1a\u7ea7\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668LVS"},"content":{"rendered":"<blockquote>\n<p>Linux Virtual Server (LVS) \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7528\u4e8e\u6784\u5efa\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002LVS \u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1\u524d\u90e8\u7f72\u4e00\u4e2a\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\u6765\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\u5c06\u8fdb\u5165\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u5206\u53d1\u5230\u540e\u7aef\u7684\u4e00\u7ec4\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u591a\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u865a\u62df\u670d\u52a1\u5bf9\u5916\u63d0\u4f9b\u670d\u52a1\u3002LVS \u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u5982 Web \u670d\u52a1\u3001\u90ae\u4ef6\u670d\u52a1\u3001FTP \u670d\u52a1\u7b49\u9ad8\u6d41\u91cf\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h2>LVS\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6a21\u5f0f<\/h2>\n<p>LVS \u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u57fa\u4e8e IP \u5c42\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>NAT\uff08Network Address Translation\uff09\u6a21\u5f0f<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406<\/strong>\uff1a\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\u5c06\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5185\u90e8\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5730\u5740\u3002\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u770b\u5230\u7684\u662f\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\u7684 IP\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u662f\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668,\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u9001\u5230LVS\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u88ab\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u5185\u90e8\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u3002LVS\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2aNAT\u7f51\u5173\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u6240\u6709\u8fdb\u51fa\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u3002\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e0d\u76f4\u63a5\u4e0e\u540e\u7aef\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e0eLVS\u7684\u865a\u62dfIP\uff08VIP\uff09\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u4f18\u70b9<\/strong>\uff1a\u914d\u7f6e\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5728\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u505a\u7279\u6b8a\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u7f3a\u70b9<\/strong>\uff1a\u56e0\u4e3a\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5165\u7ad9\u548c\u51fa\u7ad9\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u7ecf\u8fc7LVS\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53ef\u80fd\u6210\u4e3a\u6027\u80fd\u74f6\u9888\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><strong>IP\u96a7\u9053\uff08Tunneling\uff09\u6a21\u5f0f<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406<\/strong>\uff1aLVS\u5229\u7528IP\u96a7\u9053\u6280\u672f\uff08\u5982IPIP\u6216GRE\uff09\u5c06\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8bf7\u6c42\u5c01\u88c5\u540e\u8f6c\u53d1\u7ed9\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u89e3\u5c01\u8bf7\u6c42\u5e76\u76f4\u63a5\u54cd\u5e94\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u3002LVS\u53ea\u5904\u7406\u8fdb\u5165\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u51fa\u7ad9\u6d41\u91cf\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u51fa\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u4f18\u70b9<\/strong>\uff1a\u51cf\u8f7b\u4e86LVS\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5904\u7406\u51fa\u7ad9\u54cd\u5e94\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7f3a\u70b9<\/strong>\uff1a\u9700\u8981\u5728\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u914d\u7f6e\u96a7\u9053\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u914d\u7f6e\u590d\u6742\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li><strong>\u76f4\u63a5\u8def\u7531\uff08Direct Routing\uff09\u6a21\u5f0f<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406<\/strong>\uff1a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u76f4\u63a5\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u540e\u7aef\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684MAC\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4f46IP\u5730\u5740\u4ecd\u7136\u662fLVS\u7684VIP\u3002\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u540e\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u56de\u590d\u5230\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff0c\u7ed5\u8fc7LVS\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u4f18\u70b9<\/strong>\uff1a\u6027\u80fd\u6700\u4f18\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3aLVS\u4ec5\u5904\u7406\u5165\u7ad9\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u51fa\u7ad9\u6d41\u91cf\u76f4\u63a5\u7531\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u9001\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7f3a\u70b9<\/strong>\uff1a\u9700\u8981\u5728\u6bcf\u53f0\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5b83\u4eec\u80fd\u591f\u6b63\u786e\u5904\u7406\u76f4\u63a5\u8def\u7531\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u4e13\u4e1a\u672f\u8bed<\/h2>\n<p><strong>VS (Virtual Server)<\/strong>:Director Server(DS)\uff0cDispatcher(\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668)\uff0cLoad Balancer<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u865a\u62df\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u662fLVS\u4e2d\u7528\u6765\u63cf\u8ff0\u6574\u4e2a\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u672f\u8bed\u3002\u5b83\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u5982Web\u670d\u52a1\u6216\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>RS (Real Server)<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5373\u5b9e\u9645\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u5728LVS\u96c6\u7fa4\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u865a\u62df\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u7531\u591a\u4e2a\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5171\u540c\u5904\u7406\u5411\u865a\u62df\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5730\u5740\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>VIP\uff08Virtual IP Address\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u5b9a\u4e49<\/strong>\uff1a\u865a\u62dfIP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u662f\u7528\u6237\u6216\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7528\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u670d\u52a1\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u3002\u5728LVS\u4e2d\uff0cVIP\u662f\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\u7684\u5bf9\u5916\u670d\u52a1\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>RIP\uff08Real IP Address\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u5b9a\u4e49<\/strong>\uff1a\u771f\u5b9eIP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u662f\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b9e\u9645\u5904\u7406\u7ecf\u8fc7\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\u5206\u53d1\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>VIP (Virtual IP)<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u865a\u62dfIP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u662f\u7528\u6237\u6216\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5730\u5740\u662f\u865a\u62df\u7684\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u914d\u7f6e\u5728\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\u4e0a\uff0c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\u8d1f\u8d23\u5c06\u8bf7\u6c42\u5206\u53d1\u5230\u540e\u7aef\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>DSR\uff08Direct Server Return\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u5b9a\u4e49<\/strong>\uff1a\u76f4\u63a5\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd4\u56de\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u54cd\u5e94\u6d41\u91cf\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd4\u56de\u5230\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff0c\u7ed5\u8fc7\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\u3002\u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u76f4\u63a5\u8def\u7531\uff08DR\uff09\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>CIP (Client IP)<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5ba2\u6237\u7aefIP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u6307\u7684\u662f\u53d1\u8d77\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u7528\u6237\u6216\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u3002\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u6e90\u5730\u5740\u6563\u5217\u8c03\u5ea6\uff08Source Hashing, SH\uff09\uff0cCIP\u7528\u4e8e\u51b3\u5b9a\u5c06\u8bf7\u6c42\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u54ea\u4e2a\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fdd\u6301\u4f1a\u8bdd\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Scheduler<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u5b9a\u4e49<\/strong>\uff1a\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\uff0c\u662fLVS\u4e2d\u7528\u4e8e\u51b3\u5b9a\u5982\u4f55\u5c06\u5165\u7ad9\u8bf7\u6c42\u5206\u914d\u5230\u5404\u4e2a\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u7ec4\u4ef6\u3002\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b97\u6cd5\u5305\u62ec\u8f6e\u8be2\uff08Round Robin\uff09\u3001\u6700\u5c11\u8fde\u63a5\uff08Least Connections\uff09\u548c\u57fa\u4e8e\u6743\u91cd\u7684\u8f6e\u8be2\uff08Weighted Round Robin\uff09\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Persistence\uff08\u4f1a\u8bdd\u4fdd\u6301\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u5b9a\u4e49<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u591a\u6b21\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u6765\u81ea\u540c\u4e00\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8bf7\u6c42\u90fd\u88ab\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u540c\u4e00\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u901a\u8fc7\u5ba2\u6237\u7aefIP\u5730\u5740\u6216\u4f1a\u8bddCookie\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b97\u6cd5<\/h2>\n<p>Linux Virtual Server (LVS) \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b97\u6cd5\u6765\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u4f73\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6765\u5904\u7406\u8fdb\u5165\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7b97\u6cd5\u5404\u6709\u5176\u7279\u70b9\u548c\u9002\u7528\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u548c\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u7279\u6027\u6765\u9009\u62e9\u6700\u9002\u5408\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f LVS \u4e2d\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n<h3>\u9759\u6001\u7b97\u6cd5<\/h3>\n<h4>1. \u8f6e\u8be2\uff08Round Robin, RR\uff09<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u539f\u7406<\/strong>\uff1a\u8fd9\u662f\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u6309\u987a\u5e8f\u5c06\u6bcf\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5f53\u5217\u8868\u7ed3\u675f\u65f6\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u5f00\u59cb\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7279\u70b9<\/strong>\uff1a\u7b80\u5355\u516c\u5e73\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u8003\u8651\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u8d1f\u8f7d\u6216\u6027\u80fd\u5dee\u5f02\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>2. \u52a0\u6743\u8f6e\u8be2\uff08Weighted Round Robin, WRR\uff09<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u539f\u7406<\/strong>\uff1a\u8fd9\u662f\u8f6e\u8be2\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u79cd\uff0c\u7ed9\u6bcf\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5206\u914d\u4e00\u4e2a\u6743\u91cd\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5c06\u6309\u7167\u6743\u91cd\u63a5\u6536\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u6743\u91cd\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5c06\u83b7\u5f97\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7279\u70b9<\/strong>\uff1a\u80fd\u591f\u6839\u636e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5904\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u5206\u914d\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>3. \u76ee\u7684IP\u54c8\u5e0c\uff08Destination Hashing, DH\uff09<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u539f\u7406<\/strong>\uff1a\u57fa\u4e8e\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u76ee\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u9009\u62e9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6765\u81ea\u540c\u4e00\u76ee\u7684IP\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u603b\u662f\u88ab\u540c\u4e00\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7279\u70b9<\/strong>\uff1a\u786e\u4fdd\u4f1a\u8bdd\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u6027\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u9700\u8981\u4f1a\u8bdd\u4fdd\u6301\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u5982\u5728\u7ebf\u8d2d\u7269\u8f66\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>4. \u6e90IP\u54c8\u5e0c\uff08Source Hashing, SH\uff09<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u539f\u7406<\/strong>\uff1a\u57fa\u4e8e\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u6e90IP\u5730\u5740\u9009\u62e9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u540c\u4e00\u6e90IP\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u603b\u662f\u88ab\u540c\u4e00\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7279\u70b9<\/strong>\uff1a\u540c\u6837\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4f1a\u8bdd\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u6027\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u4fdd\u6301\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u52a8\u6001\u7b97\u6cd5<\/h3>\n<p>\u4e3b\u8981\u6839\u636e\u6bcfRS\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u72b6\u6001\u53ca\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b97\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u5ea6Overhead=value \u8f83\u5c0f\u7684RS\u5c06\u88ab\u8c03\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n<h4>5. \u6700\u5c11\u8fde\u63a5\uff08Least Connections, LC\uff09<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u539f\u7406<\/strong>\uff1a\u5c06\u65b0\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u8bf7\u6c42\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u5f53\u524d\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u6700\u5c11\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7279\u70b9<\/strong>\uff1a\u8003\u8651\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5f53\u524d\u8d1f\u8f7d\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u65f6\u95f4\u6ce2\u52a8\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">Overhead=activeconns*256+inactiveconns<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>6. \u52a0\u6743\u6700\u5c11\u8fde\u63a5\uff08Weighted Least Connections, WLC\uff09-\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7b97\u6cd5<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u539f\u7406<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u6700\u5c11\u8fde\u63a5\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u5f15\u5165\u6743\u91cd\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u4e0e\u6743\u91cd\u6bd4\u6700\u5c0f\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7279\u70b9<\/strong>\uff1a\u7ed3\u5408\u4e86\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u5f53\u524d\u8d1f\u8f7d\uff0c\u66f4\u516c\u5e73\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5206\u914d\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">Overhead=(activeconns*256+inactiveconns)\/weight<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>7.SED\uff08Shortest Expected Delay\uff09<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u539f\u7406<\/strong>\uff1aSED \u7b97\u6cd5\u65e8\u5728\u9009\u62e9\u9884\u671f\u5ef6\u8fdf\u6700\u77ed\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7b97\u6cd5\u8003\u8651\u6bcf\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u6743\u91cd\u548c\u5f53\u524d\u6d3b\u8dc3\u8fde\u63a5\u6570\u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\u9884\u671f\u7684\u5ef6\u8fdf\u3002\u521d\u59cb\u8fde\u63a5\u9ad8\u6743\u91cd\u4f18\u5148,\u53ea\u68c0\u67e5\u6d3b\u52a8\u8fde\u63a5,\u800c\u4e0d\u8003\u8651\u975e\u6d3b\u52a8\u8fde\u63a5<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">Overhead=(activeconns+1)*256\/weight<\/code><\/pre>\n<h4>8. \u57fa\u4e8e\u5c40\u90e8\u6027\u7684\u6700\u5c11\u8fde\u63a5\uff08Locality-Based Least Connections, LBLC\uff09<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u539f\u7406<\/strong>\uff1a\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5c06\u8bf7\u6c42\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u4e0e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5730\u7406\u4f4d\u7f6e\u6216\u7f51\u7edc\u4f4d\u7f6e\u6700\u63a5\u8fd1\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8d1f\u8f7d\u8fc7\u9ad8\uff0c\u5c06\u9009\u62e9\u5176\u4ed6\u8f83\u5c11\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7279\u70b9<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f18\u5316\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u6570\u636e\u4f20\u8f93\u5ef6\u8fdf\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5730\u7406\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>9. \u52a0\u6743\u57fa\u4e8e\u5c40\u90e8\u6027\u7684\u6700\u5c11\u8fde\u63a5\uff08Locality-Based Least Connections with Replication, LBLCR\uff09<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u539f\u7406<\/strong>\uff1a\u662f LBLC \u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6539\u8fdb\u7248\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u6743\u91cd\u5e76\u5141\u8bb8\u5185\u5bb9\u590d\u5236\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u7279\u70b9<\/strong>\uff1a\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6709\u590d\u5236\u6570\u636e\u548c\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u6570\u636e\u5c40\u90e8\u6027\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>10.NQ\uff1aNever Queue\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u8f6e\u5747\u5300\u5206\u914d\uff0c\u540e\u7eedSED<\/h4>\n<h4>11.FO\uff08Feedback Optimized Load Balancing Algorithm\uff09<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u539f\u7406<\/strong>\uff1aFO \u7b97\u6cd5\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u52a8\u6001\u8c03\u6574\u6743\u91cd\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u60c5\u51b5\u5b9e\u65f6\u8c03\u6574\u6743\u91cd\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f18\u5316\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5206\u914d\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u8ba1\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong>\uff1a\u6839\u636e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u53cd\u9988\uff08\u5982\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u9519\u8bef\u7387\uff09\u52a8\u6001\u8c03\u6574\u6bcf\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u6743\u91cd\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u57fa\u4e8e\u8c03\u6574\u540e\u7684\u6743\u91cd\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u79cd\u6807\u51c6\u7b97\u6cd5\uff08\u5982\u6700\u5c11\u8fde\u63a5\uff09\u5206\u914d\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u6743\u91cd\u7684\u8c03\u6574\u901a\u5e38\u6839\u636e\u6027\u80fd\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u5982\u5e73\u5747\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\u6216\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u72b6\u51b5\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>OVF\uff08Online Variance Feedback\uff09<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u539f\u7406<\/strong>\uff1aOVF \u7b97\u6cd5\u65e8\u5728\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u95f4\u8d1f\u8f7d\u7684\u65b9\u5dee\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5404\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u5747\u8861\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f9d\u636e\u5b9e\u65f6\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u53cd\u9988\u8c03\u6574\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5206\u914d\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u8ba1\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong>\uff1a\u8ba1\u7b97\u5f53\u524d\u6240\u6709\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u65b9\u5dee\uff0c\u5e76\u8bd5\u56fe\u901a\u8fc7\u9002\u5f53\u5206\u914d\u8bf7\u6c42\u6765\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u5dee\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u52a8\u6001\u5730\u8c03\u6574\u8bf7\u6c42\u5206\u914d\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u4ee5\u54cd\u5e94\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8d1f\u8f7d\u7684\u5b9e\u65f6\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u54ea\u4e00\u79cd\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u4f1a\u8bdd\u6301\u4e45\u6027\u8981\u6c42\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u6743\u91cd\u8bbe\u7f6e\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6027\u80fd\u8bc4\u4f30\u4e5f\u662f\u5b9e\u65bd\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b56\u7565\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u8003\u8651\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u73af\u8282\u3002<\/p>\n<p>SLB \u901a\u5e38\u6307\u7684\u662f\u201cServer Load Balancer\u201d\uff08\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\uff09\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907\u6216\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u591a\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\u5206\u914d\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8bf7\u6c42\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u4ee5\u4f18\u5316\u8d44\u6e90\u5229\u7528\u3001\u6700\u5927\u5316\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u3001\u51cf\u5c11\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5e76\u786e\u4fdd\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n<p>SLB \u4e3b\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5b9e\u73b0\u5176\u529f\u80fd\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u6d41\u91cf\u5206\u914d<\/strong>\uff1a\n<ul>\n<li>SLB \u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\uff08\u5982\u8f6e\u8be2\u3001\u6700\u5c11\u8fde\u63a5\u3001\u6e90IP\u6563\u5217\u7b49\uff09\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\u5c06\u8fdb\u5165\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u54ea\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u5e2e\u52a9\u5206\u6563\u5904\u7406\u538b\u529b\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u4efb\u4f55\u5355\u4e00\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u56e0\u8d85\u8d1f\u8377\u800c\u5931\u6548\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5065\u5eb7\u68c0\u67e5<\/strong>\uff1a\n<ul>\n<li>SLB \u5b9a\u671f\u68c0\u67e5\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u6240\u6709\u6d41\u91cf\u53ea\u88ab\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u5982\u679c\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6545\u969c\uff0cSLB \u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5c06\u6d41\u91cf\u91cd\u5b9a\u5411\u5230\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u4f1a\u8bdd\u4fdd\u6301<\/strong>\uff1a\n<ul>\n<li>\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4fdd\u6301\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4f1a\u8bdd\u6301\u7eed\u6027\u3002SLB \u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4f1a\u8bdd\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u6280\u672f\uff08\u5982\u57fa\u4e8eCookie\u7684\u4f1a\u8bdd\u6301\u4e45\u5316\uff09\u786e\u4fdd\u6765\u81ea\u540c\u4e00\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u88ab\u6301\u7eed\u5730\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u540c\u4e00\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>LVS-NAT\u6a21\u5f0f\u6848\u4f8b\u5b9e\u64cd<\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/typora-images-1307361841.cos.ap-beijing.myqcloud.com\/img\/image-20240419172554460.png\" alt=\"image-20240419172554460\" \/> <\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff1a\n1. \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8bf7\u6c42\n\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42\u5230\u865a\u62dfIP\u5730\u5740\uff08VIP\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2aIP\u5730\u5740\u914d\u7f6e\u5728LVS\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\u4e0a\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u79f0\u4e3aDirector\uff09\u3002\n2. Director\u63a5\u6536\u8bf7\u6c42\nLVS\u7684Director\u62e6\u622a\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u4e3aVIP\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002Director\u6839\u636e\u9884\u8bbe\u7684\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b97\u6cd5\uff08\u5982\u8f6e\u8be2\u3001\u6700\u5c11\u8fde\u63a5\u3001\u52a0\u6743\u8f6e\u8be2\u7b49\uff09\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2a\u540e\u7aef\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08RIP\uff0cReal IP\uff09\u6765\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\n3. \u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\n\u5728NAT\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\uff0cDirector\u4f1a\u4fee\u6539\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4eceVIP\u6539\u4e3a\u9009\u5b9a\u7684RIP\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u6e90\u5730\u5740\uff08\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u539f\u59cbIP\uff09\u4e5f\u88ab\u4fee\u6539\u4e3aDirector\u7684\u5185\u90e8IP\u5730\u5740\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u505a\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u786e\u4fdd\u4ece\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u80fd\u6b63\u786e\u5730\u901a\u8fc7Director\u56de\u5230\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u3002\n4. \u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\n\u4fee\u6539\u540e\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u88ab\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u770b\u5230\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u6765\u6e90IP\u662fDirector\u7684\u5185\u90e8IP\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u539f\u59cb\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aefIP\u3002\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u54cd\u5e94\u53d1\u9001\u56de\u5230\u6765\u6e90IP\uff0c\u5373Director\u7684\u5185\u90e8IP\u3002\n5. \u54cd\u5e94\u8fd4\u56de\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\nDirector\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u6765\u81ea\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u540e\uff0c\u518d\u6b21\u6267\u884cNAT\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5c06\u54cd\u5e94\u4e2d\u7684\u6e90IP\u4ece\u5b83\u7684\u5185\u90e8IP\u6539\u56de\u5230VIP\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u76ee\u7684IP\u4ece\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5185\u90e8IP\u6539\u56de\u5230\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u539f\u59cbIP\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u5c31\u50cf\u76f4\u63a5\u4eceVIP\u53d1\u51fa\u7684\u4e00\u6837\u3002\n6. \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u63a5\u6536\u54cd\u5e94\n\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u4eceVIP\u5730\u5740\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5bf9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5b83\u770b\u4f3c\u4e0e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u4e00\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fdb\u884c\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u80cc\u540e\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u591a\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53c2\u4e0e\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>1. \u51c6\u5907\u73af\u5883<\/h3>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">\u56db\u53f0Server\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528vmware\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5373\u53ef\nClient(1 Rocky9.3)\uff1ainternet client:192.168.10.6\/24 GW:\u65e0 \u4ec5\u4e3b\u673a\u6a21\u5f0f\nlvs(1 Rocky8.6) \u4e24\u4e2a\u7f51\u5361\n    eth0(NAT)\uff1a10.0.0.106\/24\n    eth1(\u4ec5\u4e3b\u673a):192.168.10.100\/24\nReal Server(2 CentOS7.9)\n    RS1:10.0.0.124\/24 GateWay:10.0.0.106 NAT\n    RS2:10.0.0.125\/24 GateWay:10.0.0.106 NAT<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>2. \u914d\u7f6e\u7f51\u7edc<\/h3>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># Client Rocky Linux 9.3\u914d\u7f6e\u7f51\u7edc\n[root@Client ~]# vi \/etc\/NetworkManager\/system-connections\/eth0.nmconnection\n[connection]\nid=eth0\nuuid=27f52dfe-6da0-4af5-af87-322e40e3a980\ntype=ethernet\ntimestamp=1692776887\n\n[ethernet]\n\n[ipv4]\naddress1=192.168.10.6\/24\ndns=10.0.0.2;\nmethod=manual\n\n[ipv6]\naddr-gen-mode=stable-privacy\nmethod=auto\n\n[proxy]\n[root@Client ~]# systemctl restart NetworkManager\n[root@Client ~]# nmcli connection up eth0\n\n# LVS\u914d\u7f6e\u7f51\u7edc\n[root@LvsServer network-scripts]#cat \/etc\/sysconfig\/network-scripts\/ifcfg-eth0\nTYPE=Ethernet\nBOOTPROTO=none\nNAME=eth0\nDEVICE=eth0\nONBOOT=yes\nIPADDR=10.0.0.106\nPREFIX=24\n[root@LvsServer network-scripts]#\n\n[root@LvsServer network-scripts]#cat \/etc\/sysconfig\/network-scripts\/ifcfg-eth1\nTYPE=Ethernet\nBOOTPROTO=none\nNAME=eth1\nDEVICE=eth1\nONBOOT=yes\nIPADDR=192.168.10.100\nPREFIX=24\n[root@LvsServer network-scripts]#\n[root@LvsServer network-scripts ~]# systemctl restart NetworkManager\n[root@LvsServer network-scripts ~]# nmcli connection up eth0\n\n# RS1\n[root@realserver1 network-scripts]#cat ifcfg-eth0\nDEVICE=eth0\nNAME=eth0\nBOOTPROTO=static\nIPADDR=10.0.0.124\nNETMASK=255.255.255.0\nGATEWAY=10.0.0.106\nDNS1=10.0.0.2\nONBOOT=yes\n\n[root@realserver1 network-scripts]#\n\n# RS2\n[root@realserver2 network-scripts]#cat ifcfg-eth0\nDEVICE=eth0\nNAME=eth0\nBOOTPROTO=static\nONBOOT=yes\nIPADDR=10.0.0.125\nNETMASK=255.255.255.0\nGATEWAY=10.0.0.106\nDNS1=10.0.0.2\n[root@realserver2 network-scripts]#<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>3. RS\u5b89\u88c5http<\/h3>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># RS1\n[root@realserver1 ~]#yum -y install httpd;echo &quot;$(hostname -I) RealServer1&quot; &gt; \/var\/www\/html\/index.html;systemctl enable --now httpd\n[root@realserver1 ~]#cat \/var\/www\/html\/index.html\n10.0.0.124  RealServer1\n\n# RS2\n[root@realserver2 ~]#yum -y install httpd;echo &quot;$(hostname -I) RealServer2&quot; &gt; \/var\/www\/html\/index.html;systemctl enable --now httpd\n[root@realserver2 ~]#cat \/var\/www\/html\/index.html\n10.0.0.125  RealServer2\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>4. \u914d\u7f6eLVS<\/h3>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u5b89\u88c5ipvsadm\u5de5\u5177\u7528\u6237\u64cd\u4f5c\u5185\u6838\u91cc\u7684lvs\n[root@lsvserver ~]#yum -y install ipvsadm\n\n# \u6dfb\u52a0lvs\n[root@lsvserver ~]#ipvsadm -A -t 192.168.10.100:80 -s rr\n[root@LvsServer ~]#ipvsadm -Ln\nIP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)\nProt LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags\n  -&gt; RemoteAddress:Port           Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn\nTCP  192.168.10.100:80 rr\n[root@LvsServer ~]#ipvsadm -a -t 192.168.10.100:80 -r 10.0.0.124 -m\n[root@LvsServer ~]#ipvsadm -a -t 192.168.10.100:80 -r 10.0.0.125 -m\n[root@LvsServer ~]#ipvsadm -Ln\nIP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)\nProt LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags\n  -&gt; RemoteAddress:Port           Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn\nTCP  192.168.10.100:80 rr\n  -&gt; 10.0.0.124:80                Masq    1      0          0\n  -&gt; 10.0.0.125:80                Masq    1      0          0\n[root@LvsServer ~]#\n#\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6d4b\u8bd5\u8fde\u63a5\n[root@Client ~]# curl 192.168.10.100\n# \u7ecf\u8fc7\u6d4b\u8bd5\u53d1\u73b0\u4e0d\u901a\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6392\u67e5\u4e00\u4e0b\u5230\u5e95\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u539f\u56e0\uff1f\u6392\u67e5\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u662f\uff0c\u5148\u5728lvs\u4e0a\u9762\u9488\u5bf9eth1\u6293\u5305\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5230\u4e86\u90a3\u6211\u4eec\u518d\u6293lvs\u4e0a\u7684eth0\n[root@LvsServer ~]#tcpdump -i eth1 -nn port 80\ndropped privs to tcpdump\ntcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode\nlistening on eth1, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 262144 bytes\n14:40:29.018986 IP 192.168.10.6.33672 &gt; 192.168.10.100.80: Flags [S], seq 1830622790, win 64240, options [mss 1460,sackOK,TS val 854839052 ecr 0,nop,wscale 7], length 0\n14:40:30.069309 IP 192.168.10.6.33672 &gt; 192.168.10.100.80: Flags [S], seq 1830622790, win 64240, options [mss 1460,sackOK,TS val 854840100 ecr 0,nop,wscale 7], length 0\n14:40:32.113870 IP 192.168.10.6.33672 &gt; 192.168.10.100.80: Flags [S], seq 1830622790, win 64240, options [mss 1460,sackOK,TS val 854842147 ecr 0,nop,wscale 7], length 0\n14:40:36.154402 IP 192.168.10.6.33672 &gt; 192.168.10.100.80: Flags [S], seq 1830622790, win 64240, options [mss 1460,sackOK,TS val 854846188 ecr 0,nop,wscale 7], length 0\n^C\n4 packets captured\n4 packets received by filter\n0 packets dropped by kernel\n[root@LvsServer ~]#tcpdump -i eth0 -nn port 80\ndropped privs to tcpdump\ntcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode\nlistening on eth0, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 262144 bytes\n14:40:44.402312 IP 192.168.10.6.33672 &gt; 10.0.0.124.80: Flags [S], seq 1830622790, win 64240, options [mss 1460,sackOK,TS val 854854436 ecr 0,nop,wscale 7], length 0\n14:40:44.402548 IP 10.0.0.124.80 &gt; 192.168.10.6.33672: Flags [S.], seq 2010531718, ack 1830622791, win 28960, options [mss 1460,sackOK,TS val 17976331 ecr 854839052,nop,wscale 7], length 0\n[root@LvsServer ~]#\n#\u7ecf\u8fc7\u6293\u53d6\u53d1\u73b0\uff0ceth1\uff1a192.168.10.6-&gt;192.168.10.100\u6709\u4e86\uff1b\u4f46\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u56de\u6765\u7684\u5305\uff1beth0:192.168.10.6-&gt;10.0.0.124,10.0.0.124-&gt;192.168.10.6,\u4ecelvs -&gt;client\u7aef\u7684\u5305\u6ca1\u6709\u56de\u6765\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e0d\u901a\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u95ee\u9898\u6765\u4e86\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5305\u56de\u4e0d\u6765\u5462\uff0c\u90fd\u80fd\u8fc7\u53bb\u5230\u4e8610.0.0.124 real server\u4e0a\u9762\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u56de\u4e0d\u6765\uff1f\u770b\u4e0b\u9762\u56fe\n# \u53d1\u73b0\u8fdb\u5165\u5230real server\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u6ca1\u6709\u8fdb\u8fc7forward\u94fe\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u56de\u6765\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5fc5\u987b\u8fdb\u8fc7\u5b83\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u9700\u8981\u518dlvs\u4e0a\u9762\u5f00\u542fforward\u8f6c\u53d1\u624d\u884c\n[root@LvsServer ~]#vi \/etc\/sysctl.conf\nnet.ipv4.ip_forward = 1\n[root@LvsServer ~]#sysctl  -p\nnet.ipv4.ip_forward = 1\n# \u518d\u6b21\u6d4b\u8bd5\u53d1\u73b0\u901a\u4e86\n[root@Client ~]# curl 192.168.10.100\n10.0.0.125  RealServer2\n[root@Client ~]# curl 192.168.10.100\n10.0.0.124  RealServer1\n[root@Client ~]#\n# \u66f4\u6539\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e4b\u524d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684rr\u8f6e\u8be2\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u6539\u6210\u52a0\u6743\u8f6e\u8be2wrr\n[root@LvsServer ~]#ipvsadm -E -t 192.168.10.100:80 -s wrr\n[root@LvsServer ~]#ipvsadm -Ln\nIP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)\nProt LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags\n  -&gt; RemoteAddress:Port           Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn\nTCP  192.168.10.100:80 wrr\n  -&gt; 10.0.0.124:80                Masq    1      0          0\n  -&gt; 10.0.0.125:80                Masq    1      0          0\n# -e\u7f16\u8f91real server\n[root@LvsServer ~]#ipvsadm -e -t 192.168.10.100:80 -r 10.0.0.125 -m -w 5\n[root@LvsServer ~]#ipvsadm -Ln\nIP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)\nProt LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags\n  -&gt; RemoteAddress:Port           Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn\nTCP  192.168.10.100:80 wrr\n  -&gt; 10.0.0.124:80                Masq    1      0          0\n  -&gt; 10.0.0.125:80                Masq    5      0          0\n\n# \u4fee\u6539\u6210\u6e90IP\u54c8\u5e0c\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b97\u6cd5 -E\u4fee\u6539\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b97\u6cd5\n[root@LvsServer ~]#ipvsadm -E -t 192.168.10.100:80 -s sh\n[root@LvsServer ~]#ipvsadm -Ln\nIP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)\nProt LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags\n  -&gt; RemoteAddress:Port           Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn\nTCP  192.168.10.100:80 sh\n  -&gt; 10.0.0.124:80                Masq    1      0          4\n  -&gt; 10.0.0.125:80                Masq    5      0          16\n#\u67e5\u770b\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u6b21\u6570\n[15:17:16 root@LvsServer ~]#ipvsadm -L -n -c\nIPVS connection entries\npro expire state       source             virtual            destination\nTCP 21188505:16 TIME_WAIT   192.168.10.6:55722 192.168.10.100:80  10.0.0.125:80\nTCP 01:19  TIME_WAIT   192.168.10.6:33472 192.168.10.100:80  10.0.0.125:80\nTCP 01:10  TIME_WAIT   192.168.10.6:48830 192.168.10.100:80  10.0.0.125:80\nTCP 21188505:18 TIME_WAIT   192.168.10.6:55746 192.168.10.100:80  10.0.0.125:80\nTCP 01:21  TIME_WAIT   192.168.10.6:33538 192.168.10.100:80  10.0.0.125:80\nTCP 01:22  TIME_WAIT   192.168.10.6:46122 192.168.10.100:80  10.0.0.125:80\nTCP 01:19  TIME_WAIT   192.168.10.6:33482 192.168.10.100:80  10.0.0.125:80\nTCP 01:20  TIME_WAIT   192.168.10.6:33488 192.168.10.100:80  10.0.0.125:80\nTCP 21188505:17 TIME_WAIT   192.168.10.6:55736 192.168.10.100:80  10.0.0.125:80\nTCP 01:05  TIME_WAIT   192.168.10.6:48796 192.168.10.100:80  10.0.0.125:80\nTCP 01:06  TIME_WAIT   192.168.10.6:48812 192.168.10.100:80  10.0.0.125:80\nTCP 01:21  TIME_WAIT   192.168.10.6:33526 192.168.10.100:80  10.0.0.125:80\nTCP 01:10  TIME_WAIT   192.168.10.6:48818 192.168.10.100:80  10.0.0.125:80\nTCP 01:21  TIME_WAIT   192.168.10.6:33512 192.168.10.100:80  10.0.0.125:80\nTCP 01:22  TIME_WAIT   192.168.10.6:46128 192.168.10.100:80  10.0.0.125:80\nTCP 01:20  TIME_WAIT   192.168.10.6:33508 192.168.10.100:80  10.0.0.125:80\nTCP 21188505:17 TIME_WAIT   192.168.10.6:55740 192.168.10.100:80  10.0.0.125:80\nTCP 01:23  TIME_WAIT   192.168.10.6:46138 192.168.10.100:80  10.0.0.125:80\nTCP 01:07  TIME_WAIT   192.168.10.6:48814 192.168.10.100:80  10.0.0.125:80\nTCP 01:22  TIME_WAIT   192.168.10.6:33542 192.168.10.100:80  10.0.0.125:80\nTCP 01:22  TIME_WAIT   192.168.10.6:46118 192.168.10.100:80  10.0.0.125:80\nTCP 01:21  TIME_WAIT   192.168.10.6:33540 192.168.10.100:80  10.0.0.125:80\nTCP 21188505:19 TIME_WAIT   192.168.10.6:55748 192.168.10.100:80  10.0.0.124:80\nTCP 01:25  TIME_WAIT   192.168.10.6:46144 192.168.10.100:80  10.0.0.125:80\nTCP 01:26  TIME_WAIT   192.168.10.6:46148 192.168.10.100:80  10.0.0.125:80\nTCP 01:20  TIME_WAIT   192.168.10.6:33492 192.168.10.100:80  10.0.0.125:80\n[15:17:16 root@LvsServer ~]#\n\n#\u5982\u4f55\u5c06\u89c4\u5219\u5b58\u76d8\n[root@LvsServer ~]#systemctl status ipvsadm.service\n\u25cf ipvsadm.service - Initialise the Linux Virtual Server\n   Loaded: loaded (\/usr\/lib\/systemd\/system\/ipvsadm.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)\n   Active: inactive (dead)\n[root@LvsServer ~]#cat \/usr\/lib\/systemd\/system\/ipvsadm.service\n[Unit]\nDescription=Initialise the Linux Virtual Server\nAfter=syslog.target network.target\n\n[Service]\nType=oneshot\nExecStart=\/bin\/bash -c &quot;exec \/sbin\/ipvsadm-restore &lt; \/etc\/sysconfig\/ipvsadm&quot;\nExecStop=\/bin\/bash -c &quot;exec \/sbin\/ipvsadm-save -n &gt; \/etc\/sysconfig\/ipvsadm&quot;\nExecStop=\/sbin\/ipvsadm -C\nRemainAfterExit=yes\n\n[Install]\nWantedBy=multi-user.target\n\n[root@LvsServer ~]#cat \/etc\/sysconfig\/ipvsadm\ncat: \/etc\/sysconfig\/ipvsadm: No such file or directory\n[root@LvsServer ~]#\n# \u4e4b\u524d\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u4f7f\u7528ipvsadm\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u5f53\u5f00\u542f\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u81ea\u52a8\u4ece\/etc\/sysconfig\/ipvsadm\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u52a0\u8f7d\u89c4\u5219\u5230\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\uff1b\u5f53\u505c\u6b62\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u5c06\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u5199\u5165\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u4e0b\u6b21\u52a0\u8f7d\u3002\n[root@LvsServer ~]#systemctl enable --now ipvsadm.service\n\n[root@LvsServer ~]#ipvsadm-save -n &gt; \/etc\/sysconfig\/ipvsadm\n[root@LvsServer ~]#cat \/etc\/sysconfig\/ipvsadm\n-A -t 192.168.10.100:80 -s rr\n-a -t 192.168.10.100:80 -r 10.0.0.124:80 -m -w 1\n-a -t 192.168.10.100:80 -r 10.0.0.125:80 -m -w 1\n[root@LvsServer ~]#\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/typora-images-1307361841.cos.ap-beijing.myqcloud.com\/img\/image-20240419232419092.png\" alt=\"image-20240419232419092\" \/> <\/p>\n<h2>LVS-DR\u6a21\u5f0f\u5355\u7f51\u6bb5\u6848\u4f8b\u5b9e\u64cd<\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/typora-images-1307361841.cos.ap-beijing.myqcloud.com\/img\/image-20240422165333257.png\" alt=\"image-20240422165333257\" \/><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">\u8bbe\u7f6e\nLVS \u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u914d\u7f6e\u4e3aVIP\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2aVIP\u662f\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7528\u6765\u8bbf\u95ee\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u5730\u5740\u3002\n\u6bcf\u4e2a\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08RS\uff09\u4e5f\u914d\u7f6e\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684VIP\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e2aVIP\u901a\u5e38\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5728\u73af\u56de\uff08lo\uff09\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5bf9ARP\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e0d\u505a\u54cd\u5e94\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u901a\u8fc7\u8bbe\u7f6e arp_ignore \u548c arp_announce \u53c2\u6570\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\uff09\u3002\n\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u516c\u5171\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u662f eth0\uff09\u914d\u7f6e\u6709\u5b83\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u79c1\u6709IP\u5730\u5740\n\n\u8bf7\u6c42\u5904\u7406\u6d41\u7a0b\n\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8bf7\u6c42\uff1a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5411VIP\u53d1\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u8bf7\u6c42\u5230\u8fbe\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\u3002\n\u8bf7\u6c42\u63a5\u6536\uff1aLVS \u63a5\u6536\u5230\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u5e76\u57fa\u4e8e\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u7b97\u6cd5\uff08\u5982\u8f6e\u8be2\u3001\u6700\u5c11\u8fde\u63a5\u7b49\uff09\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2a\u540e\u7aef\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6765\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\n\u8bf7\u6c42\u8f6c\u53d1\uff1aLVS \u5c06\u8bf7\u6c42\u8f6c\u53d1\u5230\u9009\u5b9a\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u5728 DR \u6a21\u5f0f\u4e2d\uff0c\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u76ee\u7684IP\uff08VIP\uff09\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u53d8\u3002\u8f6c\u53d1\u901a\u5e38\u5728\u6570\u636e\u94fe\u8def\u5c42\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0cLVS \u66f4\u6539\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684MAC\u5730\u5740\u5230\u9009\u5b9a\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684MAC\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4f46\u662fIP\u5c42\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u4e0d\u53d8\u3002\n\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u63a5\u6536\uff1a\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u73af\u56de\u63a5\u53e3\u8bc6\u522bVIP\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5904\u7406\u53d1\u9001\u5230VIP\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u3002\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\n\u54cd\u5e94\u53d1\u9001\uff1a\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u76f4\u63a5\u5c06\u54cd\u5e94\u6570\u636e\u5305\u53d1\u9001\u56de\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff0c\u7ed5\u8fc7\u4e86 LVS\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u9762\u4e0a\u5bf9VIP\u7684ARP\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e0d\u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u8bbe\u5907\u5e76\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053VIP\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u5728\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u3002\n\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u63a5\u6536\uff1a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u6765\u81eaVIP\u5730\u5740\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u54cd\u5e94\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece\u9009\u5b9a\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u51fa\u7684\u3002\n\n\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u9762\u4e0a\u7684\u8003\u91cf\n\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u9762\u4e0a\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5bf9VIP\u7684ARP\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e0d\u505a\u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u907f\u514d\u4e86VIP\u5730\u5740\u7684ARP\u51b2\u7a81\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u76f4\u63a5\u56de\u5e94\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86LVS\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u8d1f\u8f7d\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u5ef6\u8fdf\uff0c\u5e76\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u6027\u80fd\u3002\n\n\u5173\u952e\u4f18\u70b9\n\u51cf\u5c11\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\u8d1f\u8f7d\uff1a\u56e0\u4e3a\u56de\u5e94\u6d41\u91cf\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ecf\u8fc7LVS\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u51cf\u8f7b\u4e86LVS\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u3002\n\u6027\u80fd\u63d0\u5347\uff1a\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u5904\u7406\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5ef6\u8fdf\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u907f\u514d\u4e86\u4e8c\u6b21\u8df3\u8dc3\uff08\u4ece\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5230LVS\uff0c\u518d\u4eceLVS\u5230\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff09\u3002\n\u6269\u5c55\u6027\uff1a\u5bb9\u6613\u6dfb\u52a0\u6216\u79fb\u9664\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u914d\u7f6e\u76f8\u540c\u7684VIP\u5373\u53ef\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>1. \u51c6\u5907\u73af\u5883<\/h3>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">\u4e94\u53f0Server\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528vmware\u6d4b\u8bd5\u5373\u53ef\nClient(1 Rocky9.3)\uff1ainternet client:192.168.10.6\/24 GW:192.168.10.200 \u4ec5\u4e3b\u673a\u6a21\u5f0f\nRouter(1 Rocky9.3) \u6a21\u62df\u8def\u7531\u5668\n    eth0: 192.168.10.200\/24 \u4ec5\u4e3b\u673a\u6a21\u5f0f\n    eth1: 10.0.0.200\/24 NAT\u6a21\u5f0f\nlvs(1 Rocky8.6)\n    eth0(NAT)\uff1a10.0.0.106\/24\n    lo:VIP:10.0.0.100\/32 -- CIDR\u8868\u793a\u6cd5\u768432\uff0c\u8fd9\u8868\u793a\u6307\u5411\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5355\u4e00\u8bbe\u5907\u6216\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u63a9\u7801\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u8def\u7531\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u7cbe\u786e\u76ee\u6807\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5f53\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u8868\u8fbe\u53ea\u5173\u6ce8\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u4f53\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\n    GW\uff1a10.0.0.200 --\u8fd9\u4e2a\u662f\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u914d\u7f6e\u7f51\u5173\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u662f200\uff0c\u4efb\u610f\u5730\u5740\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u914d\u7f6e\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6b63\u5e38\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u7f51\u5173\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u4e3b\u52a8\u548c\u522b\u4eba\u901a\u8baf\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u624d\u7528\u5230\u5b83\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u91cc\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ece\u522b\u7684\u7f51\u6bb5\u6765\u7684\u6570\u636e\u62a5\u6587\uff0c\u5230\u8fbelvs\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u7f51\u5173\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48lvs\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u62a5\u6587\u8f6c\u53d1\u7ed9\u4e0b\u9762\u7684rs1\u3001rs2.\nReal Server(2 CentOS7.9)\n    RS1:\n        eth0:10.0.0.124\/24 GateWay:10.0.0.200 NAT\n        lo:VIP:10.0.0.100\/32\n    RS2:\n        eth0:10.0.0.125\/24 GateWay:10.0.0.200 NAT\n        lo:VIP:10.0.0.100\/32\n\n1.\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u914d\u7f6eVIP\uff1a\n\u5728 LVS \u4e0a\u914d\u7f6e VIP:\n    \u8bf7\u6c42\u63a5\u6536\u70b9\uff1a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8bf7\u6c42\u90fd\u88ab\u5b9a\u5411\u5230 VIP\u3002LVS \u4f5c\u4e3a\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a5\u6536\u70b9\uff0c\u76d1\u542c VIP \u4e0a\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u7b97\u6cd5\u51b3\u5b9a\u5c06\u8bf7\u6c42\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u54ea\u4e2a\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\n\u900f\u660e\u6027\uff1a\u5bf9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u611f\u77e5\u5230\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u662f VIP\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u3002\u8fd9\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e86\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u900f\u660e\u6027\u548c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u89e3\u8026\n\n\u5728 RS \u4e0a\u914d\u7f6e VIP:\n\u54cd\u5e94\u8def\u7531\uff1a\u5728 DR \u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\uff0c\u5f53 LVS \u5c06\u8bf7\u6c42\u8f6c\u53d1\u7ed9 RS \u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4fdd\u6301\u76ee\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u4e0d\u53d8\uff08\u5373 VIP\uff09\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5fc5\u987b\u8bc6\u522b VIP \u4ee5\u6b63\u786e\u5904\u7406\u8fdb\u6765\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\n\u76f4\u63a5\u54cd\u5e94\uff1aRS \u76f4\u63a5\u5c06\u54cd\u5e94\u53d1\u9001\u56de\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff0c\u7ed5\u8fc7 LVS\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u786e\u4fdd\u54cd\u5e94\u6b63\u786e\u5730\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u53d1\u51fa\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff0c\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u6808\u5fc5\u987b\u63a5\u53d7\u76ee\u6807\u4e3a VIP \u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u3002\n\u907f\u514d IP \u5730\u5740\u51b2\u7a81\uff1a\u5728\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\uff0cVIP \u901a\u5e38\u914d\u7f6e\u5728\u73af\u56de\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0a\uff08lo\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a VIP \u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u6709\u4efb\u4f55 ARP \u54cd\u5e94\uff08\u901a\u8fc7 arp_ignore \u548c arp_announce \u5185\u6838\u53c2\u6570\u6765\u914d\u7f6e\uff09\u3002\u5c06 VIP \u7ed1\u5b9a\u5230\u73af\u56de\u63a5\u53e3\u53ef\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u7684 ARP \u5e7f\u64ad\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u51b2\u7a81\u4e86\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u73af\u56de\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u5e7f\u64ad\u3002\n\u672c\u5730\u56de\u73af\u6d41\u91cf\uff1a\u867d\u7136 RS \u4e0a\u7684 VIP \u4e0d\u7528\u4e8e\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u5165\u7ad9\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u4f46\u672c\u5730\u751f\u6210\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\uff08\u5982\u5065\u5eb7\u68c0\u67e5\u6216\u7ba1\u7406\u6d41\u91cf\uff09\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528 VIP\u3002\u8fd9\u786e\u4fdd\u4e86\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u591a\u4e2a RS \u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6d41\u91cf\u4e5f\u80fd\u6b63\u786e\u8def\u7531\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>2. \u914d\u7f6e\u7f51\u7edc<\/h3>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># 1.RS1\u914d\u7f6e\nDEVICE=eth0\nNAME=eth0\nBOOTPROTO=static\nIPADDR=10.0.0.124\nNETMASK=255.255.255.0\nGATEWAY=10.0.0.200\nONBOOT=yes\n\n# 2.RS2\u914d\u7f6e\nDEVICE=eth0\nNAME=eth0\nBOOTPROTO=static\nONBOOT=yes\nIPADDR=10.0.0.125\nNETMASK=255.255.255.0\nGATEWAY=10.0.0.200\n\n# 3.Router \u914d\u7f6e\n[root@router ~]# cat \/etc\/NetworkManager\/system-connections\/eth0.nmconnection\n[connection]\nid=eth0\nuuid=0694d0dd-cd55-3b42-b5f4-baa7f7446684\ntype=ethernet\nautoconnect-priority=-999\ninterface-name=eth0\ntimestamp=1692810140\n\n[ethernet]\n\n[ipv4]\naddress1=10.0.0.200\/24\nmethod=manual\n\n[ipv6]\naddr-gen-mode=eui64\nmethod=auto\n\n[proxy]\n[root@router ~]# cat \/etc\/NetworkManager\/system-connections\/eth1.nmconnection\n[connection]\nid=eth1\nuuid=eddb95db-801d-3de1-9f03-568886789850\ntype=ethernet\nautoconnect-priority=-999\ninterface-name=eth1\ntimestamp=1698505754\n\n[ethernet]\n\n[ipv4]\naddress1=192.168.10.200\/24\nmethod=manual\n\n[ipv6]\naddr-gen-mode=default\nmethod=auto\n\n[proxy]\n[root@router ~]#\n# Rocky 9.3\u91cd\u542f\u7f51\u7edc\n[root@router ~]# systemctl restart NetworkManager\n[root@router ~]# nmcli con up eth0\n[root@router ~]# nmcli con up eth1\n\n# lvs\u914d\u7f6e\nTYPE=Ethernet\nBOOTPROTO=none\nNAME=eth0\nDEVICE=eth0\nONBOOT=yes\nIPADDR=10.0.0.106\nPREFIX=24\nGATEWAY=10.0.0.200\n\n# Client\u914d\u7f6e\n[root@Client ~]# cat \/etc\/NetworkManager\/system-connections\/eth0.nmconnection\n[connection]\nid=eth0\nuuid=27f52dfe-6da0-4af5-af87-322e40e3a980\ntype=ethernet\ntimestamp=1692776887\n\n[ethernet]\n\n[ipv4]\naddress1=192.168.10.6\/24,192.168.10.200\ndns=10.0.0.2;\nmethod=manual\n\n[ipv6]\naddr-gen-mode=stable-privacy\nmethod=auto\n\n[proxy]\n[root@Client ~]#\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>3. \u4e24\u53f0RS\u914d\u7f6e<\/h3>\n<p>[\u5b89\u88c5http\u90e8\u5206\u53c2\u8003\u8fd9\u91cc](# 3. RS\u5b89\u88c5http)<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># arp_ignore \u8fd9\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u5f53\u63a5\u6536\u5230ARP\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u6765\u81ea\u4e0d\u540c\u63a5\u53e3\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u3002\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a 1 \u610f\u5473\u7740\u8ba9\u5185\u6838\u53ea\u54cd\u5e94\u90a3\u4e9b\u8bf7\u6c42\u76ee\u6807IP\u5730\u5740\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5728\u8bf7\u6c42\u5230\u8fbe\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0a\u7684ARP\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u8fd9\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u907f\u514d\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0a\u6536\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u7684ARP\u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u63d0\u9ad8\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u6216\u8005\u5728\u591a\u5bbf\u4e3b\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u4f18\u5316\u7f51\u7edc\u6d41\u91cf\u3002\n# arp_announce \u8fd9\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u53d1\u9001ARP\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\u5982\u4f55\u9009\u62e9\u6e90IP\u5730\u5740\u3002\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a 2 \u8868\u793a\u5f3a\u5236\u4f7f\u7528\u6700\u4f73\u672c\u5730\u5730\u5740\u4f5c\u4e3aARP\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u6e90IP\u5730\u5740\u3002\u6b64\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u9632\u6b62\u5176\u4ed6\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u6536\u5230\u4e0d\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8be5\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u6e90\u5730\u5740ARP\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u5730\u5740\u51b2\u7a81\u6216\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3aARP\u6b3a\u9a97\u3002\n# \u89e3\u91ca\u4e00\u4e0b\uff1a\u9996\u5148\uff0cARP\uff08\u5730\u5740\u89e3\u6790\u534f\u8bae\uff09\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u7528\u6765\u5c06 IP \u5730\u5740\u8f6c\u6362\u6210 MAC \u5730\u5740\u7684\u534f\u8bae\u3002\u6bcf\u5f53\u4e00\u53f0\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u9700\u8981\u5411\u53e6\u4e00\u53f0\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u53d1\u9001\u4fe1\u606f\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528 ARP \u6765\u67e5\u8be2\u76ee\u6807\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u672c\u5730\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u4f20\u8f93\u6570\u636e\u5305\u3002arp_ignore \u5f53\u4f60\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6709\u591a\u4e2aIP\u5730\u5740\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u6536\u5230\u5f88\u591aARP\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u8be2\u95ee\u201cIP\u5730\u5740 X \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684MAC\u5730\u5740\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u201d\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4e0d\u60f3\u8ba9\u4f60\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u56de\u7b54\u4e0d\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5b83\u76f4\u63a5\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u8bbe\u7f6e arp_ignore \u4e3a1\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5982\u679c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7684 eth0 \u63a5\u53e3\u6536\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u8be2\u95ee eth1 \u63a5\u53e3\u4e0a\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u7684 ARP \u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0d\u4f1a\u54cd\u5e94\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002arp_announce \u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u9632\u6b62\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5728\u53d1\u9001ARP\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\u51fa\u73b0\u6df7\u6dc6\u3002\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3\u90fd\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u3002\u5f53\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5c1d\u8bd5\u53d1\u9001ARP\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b83\u60f3\u77e5\u9053\u67d0\u4e2aIP\u5730\u5740\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684MAC\u5730\u5740\uff09\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u5728ARP\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u6e90IP\u5730\u5740\u201d\u3002\u5982\u679c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5728 ARP \u8bf7\u6c42\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0e\u53d1\u51faARP\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0d\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6e90IP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6df7\u6dc6\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u770b\u5230\u7684ARP\u8bf7\u6c42\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u50cf\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u5728\u5b83\u4eec\u672c\u5730\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0carp_announce \u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a2\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5c31\u53ea\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0e\u5b83\u53d1\u51fa\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u3002\n# \u5173\u95edarp_ignore\u548carp_announce\u5185\u6838\u53c2\u6570\n# \u4e34\u65f6\u5173\u95ed\uff1a\necho 1 &gt; \/proc\/sys\/net\/ipv4\/conf\/all\/arp_ignore\necho 1 &gt; \/proc\/sys\/net\/ipv4\/conf\/lo\/arp_ignore\necho 2 &gt; \/proc\/sys\/net\/ipv4\/conf\/all\/arp_announce\necho 2 &gt; \/proc\/sys\/net\/ipv4\/conf\/lo\/arp_announce\n\n# \u6c38\u4e45\u5173\u95ed\nvim \/etc\/sysctl.conf\nnet.ipv4.conf.all.arp_ignore = 1\nnet.ipv4.conf.all.arp_announce = 2\nnet.ipv4.conf.default.arp_ignore = 1\nnet.ipv4.conf.default.arp_announce = 2\n\n# \u751f\u6548\nsysctl -p\n# \u4e24\u53f0\u90fd\u8981\u914d\u7f6evip\n[root@realserver1 network-scripts]#ifconfig lo:1 10.0.0.100\/32\n[root@realserver1 network-scripts]#ip a\n1: lo: &lt;LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP&gt; mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000\n    link\/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00\n    inet 127.0.0.1\/8 scope host lo\n       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever\n    inet 10.0.0.100\/0 scope global lo:1\n       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever\n    inet6 ::1\/128 scope host\n       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever\n2: eth0: &lt;BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP&gt; mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000\n    link\/ether 00:0c:29:77:93:de brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff\n    inet 10.0.0.124\/24 brd 10.0.0.255 scope global noprefixroute eth0\n       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever\n\narp_ignore - \u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u5bf9 ARP \u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a\n0 - \u5bf9\u4efb\u4f55\u672c\u5730\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0a\u7684 ARP \u8bf7\u6c42\u4f5c\u51fa\u54cd\u5e94\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\uff09\u3002\n1 - \u53ea\u5bf9\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u672c\u5730\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u7684 ARP \u8bf7\u6c42\u4f5c\u51fa\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\n2 - \u53ea\u5bf9\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u672c\u5730\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u5e76\u4e14\u8bf7\u6c42\u6765\u81ea\u540c\u4e00\u5b50\u7f51\u7684 ARP \u8bf7\u6c42\u4f5c\u51fa\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\narp_announce - \u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u53d1\u9001 ARP \u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff1a\n0 - \u4f7f\u7528\u4efb\u4f55\u672c\u5730\u5730\u5740\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6e90\u5730\u5740\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\uff09\u3002\n1 - \u907f\u514d\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u5c5e\u4e8e\u76ee\u6807\u5b50\u7f51\u7684\u5730\u5740\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6e90\u5730\u5740\u3002\n2 - \u59cb\u7ec8\u4f7f\u7528\u6700\u4f73\u5339\u914d\u7684\u672c\u5730\u5730\u5740\u4f5c\u4e3a ARP \u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u6e90\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>4. Linux\u5185\u6838\u53c2\u6570\u4e4barp_ignore\u548carp_announce<\/h3>\n<blockquote>\n<p>arp_ignore\u548carp_announce\u53c2\u6570\u90fd\u548cARP\u534f\u8bae\u76f8\u5173\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd4\u56dearp\u54cd\u5e94\u548c\u53d1\u9001arp\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728LVS\u7684DR\u573a\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u54cd\u5230DR\u8f6c\u53d1\u662f\u5426\u6b63\u5e38\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">arp_ignore\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u6536\u5230\u5916\u90e8\u7684arp\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u8981\u8fd4\u56dearp\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\narp_ignore\u53c2\u6570\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u53d6\u503c\u4e3b\u8981\u67090\uff0c1\uff0c2\uff0c3~8\u8f83\u5c11\u7528\u5230\uff1a\n0\uff1a\u54cd\u5e94\u4efb\u610f\u7f51\u5361\u4e0a\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u5bf9\u672c\u673aIP\u5730\u5740\u7684arp\u8bf7\u6c42\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u73af\u56de\u7f51\u5361\u4e0a\u7684\u5730\u5740\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u8be5\u76ee\u7684IP\u662f\u5426\u5728\u63a5\u6536\u7f51\u5361\u4e0a\u3002\n1\uff1a\u53ea\u54cd\u5e94\u76ee\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u4e3a\u63a5\u6536\u7f51\u5361\u4e0a\u7684\u672c\u5730\u5730\u5740\u7684arp\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\n2\uff1a\u53ea\u54cd\u5e94\u76ee\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u4e3a\u63a5\u6536\u7f51\u5361\u4e0a\u7684\u672c\u5730\u5730\u5740\u7684arp\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14arp\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u6e90IP\u5fc5\u987b\u548c\u63a5\u6536\u7f51\u5361\u540c\u7f51\u6bb5\u3002\n3\uff1a\u5982\u679cARP\u8bf7\u6c42\u6570\u636e\u5305\u6240\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u672c\u5730\u5730\u5740\u5176\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\uff08scope\uff09\u4e3a\u4e3b\u673a\uff08host\uff09\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u56de\u5e94ARP\u54cd\u5e94\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u4e3a\u5168\u5c40\uff08global\uff09\u6216\u94fe\u8def\uff08link\uff09\uff0c\u5219\u56de\u5e94ARP\u54cd\u5e94\u6570\u636e\u5305\u3002\n4~7\uff1a\u4fdd\u7559\u672a\u4f7f\u7528\n8\uff1a\u4e0d\u56de\u5e94\u6240\u6709\u7684arp\u8bf7\u6c42\nsysctl.conf\u4e2d\u5305\u542ball\u548ceth\/lo\uff08\u5177\u4f53\u7f51\u5361\uff09\u7684arp_ignore\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u53d6\u5176\u4e2d\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u503c\u751f\u6548\u3002\n\narp_announce\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u5bf9\u5916\u53d1\u9001arp\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u9009\u62e9arp\u8bf7\u6c42\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u6e90IP\u5730\u5740\u3002\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u7cfb\u7edf\u51c6\u5907\u901a\u8fc7\u7f51\u5361\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u5305a\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u6570\u636e\u5305a\u7684\u6e90IP\u548c\u76ee\u7684IP\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u662f\u77e5\u9053\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u6839\u636e\u76ee\u7684IP\u67e5\u8be2\u8def\u7531\u8868\uff0c\u53d1\u9001\u7f51\u5361\u4e5f\u662f\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u6545\u6e90MAC\u5730\u5740\u4e5f\u662f\u77e5\u9053\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u5c31\u5dee\u786e\u5b9a\u76ee\u7684MAC\u5730\u5740\u4e86\u3002\u800c\u60f3\u8981\u83b7\u53d6\u76ee\u7684IP\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u76ee\u7684MAC\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u53d1\u9001arp\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002arp\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u76ee\u7684IP\u81ea\u7136\u5c31\u662f\u60f3\u8981\u83b7\u53d6\u5176MAC\u5730\u5740\u7684IP\uff0c\u800carp\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u6e90IP\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u5462\uff1f \u53ef\u80fd\u7b2c\u4e00\u53cd\u5e94\u4f1a\u4ee5\u4e3a\u80af\u5b9a\u662f\u6570\u636e\u5305a\u7684\u6e90IP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\uff0carp\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u6e90IP\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u7684\uff0c\u63a7\u5236\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5730\u5740\u5982\u4f55\u9009\u62e9\u5c31\u662farp_announce\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff09\narp_announce\u53c2\u6570\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u53d6\u503c\u67090\uff0c1\uff0c2\u3002\n0\uff1a\u5141\u8bb8\u4f7f\u7528\u4efb\u610f\u7f51\u5361\u4e0a\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u4f5c\u4e3aarp\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u6e90IP\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5c31\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u636e\u5305a\u7684\u6e90IP\u3002\n1\uff1a\u5c3d\u91cf\u907f\u514d\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8be5\u53d1\u9001\u7f51\u5361\u5b50\u7f51\u7684\u672c\u5730\u5730\u5740\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53d1\u9001arp\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u6e90IP\u5730\u5740\u3002\n2\uff1a\u5ffd\u7565IP\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u6e90IP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u8be5\u53d1\u9001\u7f51\u5361\u4e0a\u6700\u5408\u9002\u7684\u672c\u5730\u5730\u5740\u4f5c\u4e3aarp\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u6e90IP\u5730\u5740\u3002\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/typora-images-1307361841.cos.ap-beijing.myqcloud.com\/img\/1218087-20170830001937765-1123863636.png\" alt=\"img\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\uff081\uff09\u5f53arp_ignore\u53c2\u6570\u914d\u7f6e\u4e3a0\u65f6\uff0ceth1\u7f51\u5361\u4e0a\u6536\u5230\u76ee\u7684IP\u4e3a\u73af\u56de\u7f51\u5361IP\u7684arp\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u4f46\u662feth1\u4e5f\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56dearp\u54cd\u5e94\uff0c\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684mac\u5730\u5740\u544a\u8bc9\u5bf9\u7aef\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/typora-images-1307361841.cos.ap-beijing.myqcloud.com\/img\/1218087-20170830224454468-88656588.png\" alt=\"img\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\uff082\uff09\u5f53arp_ignore\u53c2\u6570\u914d\u7f6e\u4e3a1\u65f6\uff0ceth1\u7f51\u5361\u4e0a\u6536\u5230\u76ee\u7684IP\u4e3a\u73af\u56de\u7f51\u5361IP\u7684arp\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684IP\u4e0d\u662f\u81ea\u5df1\u7f51\u5361\u4e0a\u7684IP\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u56dearp\u54cd\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/typora-images-1307361841.cos.ap-beijing.myqcloud.com\/img\/1218087-20170830231737608-405784620.png\" alt=\"img\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\uff083\uff09\u5f53arp_announce\u53c2\u6570\u914d\u7f6e\u4e3a0\u65f6\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8981\u53d1\u9001\u7684IP\u5305\u6e90\u5730\u5740\u4e3aeth1\u7684\u5730\u5740\uff0cIP\u5305\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u5740\u6839\u636e\u8def\u7531\u8868\u67e5\u8be2\u5224\u65ad\u9700\u8981\u4eceeth2\u7f51\u5361\u53d1\u51fa\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u4f1a\u5148\u4eceeth2\u7f51\u5361\u53d1\u8d77\u4e00\u4e2aarp\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u83b7\u53d6\u76ee\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u7684MAC\u5730\u5740\u3002\u8be5arp\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u6e90MAC\u81ea\u7136\u662feth2\u7f51\u5361\u7684MAC\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6e90IP\u5730\u5740\u4f1a\u9009\u62e9eth1\u7f51\u5361\u7684\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/typora-images-1307361841.cos.ap-beijing.myqcloud.com\/img\/1218087-20170830231806905-1168475332.png\" alt=\"img\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\uff084\uff09\u5f53arp_announce\u53c2\u6570\u914d\u7f6e\u4e3a2\u65f6\uff0ceth2\u7f51\u5361\u53d1\u8d77arp\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\uff0c\u6e90IP\u5730\u5740\u4f1a\u9009\u62e9eth2\u7f51\u5361\u81ea\u8eab\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>arp_ignore\u548carp_announce\u53c2\u6570\u5728DR\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u7684\u4f5c\u7528<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u30001. arp_ignore<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u56e0\u4e3aDR\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u8981\u5728\u73af\u56de\u7f51\u5361\u4e0a\u7ed1\u5b9a\u865a\u62df\u670d\u52a1IP\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5bf9\u4e8e\u865a\u62df\u670d\u52a1IP\u7684arp\u8bf7\u6c42\u5e7f\u64ad\u5230\u4e86\u5404\u4e2a\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5982\u679carp_ignore\u53c2\u6570\u914d\u7f6e\u4e3a0\uff0c\u5219\u5404\u4e2a\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u4f1a\u54cd\u5e94\u8be5arp\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5c31\u65e0\u6cd5\u6b63\u786e\u83b7\u53d6LVS\u8282\u70b9\u4e0a\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u865a\u62df\u670d\u52a1IP\u6240\u5728\u7f51\u5361\u7684MAC\u5730\u5740\u3002\u5047\u5982\u67d0\u4e2a\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8282\u70b9A\u7684\u7f51\u5361eth1\u54cd\u5e94\u4e86\u8be5arp\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u628aA\u8282\u70b9\u7684eth1\u7f51\u5361\u7684MAC\u5730\u5740\u8bef\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662fLVS\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u865a\u62df\u670d\u52a1IP\u6240\u5728\u7f51\u5361\u7684MAC\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5c06\u4e1a\u52a1\u8bf7\u6c42\u6d88\u606f\u76f4\u63a5\u53d1\u5230\u4e86A\u8282\u70b9\u7684eth1\u7f51\u5361\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019\u867d\u7136\u56e0\u4e3aA\u8282\u70b9\u5728\u73af\u56de\u7f51\u5361\u4e0a\u4e5f\u7ed1\u5b9a\u4e86\u865a\u62df\u670d\u52a1IP\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5A\u8282\u70b9\u4e5f\u80fd\u6b63\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u4e1a\u52a1\u6682\u65f6\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d7\u5230\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u4f46\u65f6\u6b64\u65f6\u7531\u4e8e\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8bf7\u6c42\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u5230LVS\u7684\u865a\u62df\u670d\u52a1IP\u4e0a\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5LVS\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u80fd\u529b\u6ca1\u6709\u751f\u6548\u3002\u9020\u6210\u7684\u540e\u679c\u5c31\u662f\uff0cA\u8282\u70b9\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u5355\u8282\u70b9\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u4e1a\u52a1\u91cf\u8fc7\u5927\u65f6\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u6027\u80fd\u74f6\u9888\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u6240\u4ee5DR\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u8981\u6c42arp_ignore\u53c2\u6570\u8981\u6c42\u914d\u7f6e\u4e3a1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u30002. arp_announce<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u6bcf\u4e2a\u673a\u5668\u6216\u8005\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u4e2d\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u5f20arp\u8868\uff0c\u8be5\u8868\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u5bf9\u7aef\u901a\u4fe1\u8282\u70b9IP\u5730\u5740\u548cMAC\u5730\u5740\u7684\u5bf9\u5e94\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u5f53\u6536\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u672a\u77e5IP\u5730\u5740\u7684arp\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u518d\u672c\u673a\u7684arp\u8868\u4e2d\u65b0\u589e\u5bf9\u7aef\u7684IP\u548cMAC\u8bb0\u5f55\uff1b\u5f53\u6536\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u5df2\u77e5IP\u5730\u5740\uff08arp\u8868\u4e2d\u5df2\u6709\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u5730\u5740\uff09\u7684arp\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u5219\u4f1a\u6839\u636earp\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e2d\u7684\u6e90MAC\u5237\u65b0\u81ea\u5df1\u7684arp\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u5982\u679carp_announce\u53c2\u6570\u914d\u7f6e\u4e3a0\uff0c\u5219\u7f51\u5361\u5728\u53d1\u9001arp\u8bf7\u6c42\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9009\u62e9\u7684\u6e90IP\u5730\u5740\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u8be5\u7f51\u5361\u81ea\u8eab\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019\u6536\u5230\u8be5arp\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u8282\u70b9\u6216\u8005\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\u4e0a\u7684arp\u8868\u4e2d\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u8be5\u7f51\u5361IP\u548cMAC\u7684\u5bf9\u5e94\u5173\u7cfb\u5c31\u4e0d\u6b63\u786e\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5f15\u53d1\u4e00\u4e9b\u672a\u77e5\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u5b89\u5168\u9690\u60a3\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u3000\u6240\u4ee5DR\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u8981\u6c42arp_announce\u53c2\u6570\u8981\u6c42\u914d\u7f6e\u4e3a2\u3002<\/p>\n<p>arp_ignore\u548carp_announce\u53c2\u6570\u5206\u522b\u6709all,default,lo,eth1,eth2...\u7b49\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e0d\u540c\u7f51\u5361\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u53c2\u6570\u3002\u5f53all\u548c\u5177\u4f53\u7f51\u5361\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u503c\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u65f6\uff0c\u53d6\u8f83\u5927\u503c\u751f\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u822c\u53ea\u9700\u4fee\u6539all\u548c\u67d0\u4e2a\u5177\u4f53\u7f51\u5361\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u5373\u53ef\uff08\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u4fee\u6539\u54ea\u4e2a\u7f51\u5361\uff09\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u4ee5\u4fee\u6539lo\u7f51\u5361\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p>\u4fee\u6539\/etc\/sysctl.conf\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u7136\u540esysctl -p\u5237\u65b0\u5230\u5185\u5b58\u3002<\/p>\n<p>net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_ignore=1<\/p>\n<p>net.ipv4.conf.lo.arp_ignore=1<\/p>\n<p>net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_announce=2<\/p>\n<p>net.ipv4.conf.lo.arp_announce=2<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528sysctl -w\u76f4\u63a5\u5199\u5165\u5185\u5b58\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>sysctl -w net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_ignore=1<\/p>\n<p>sysctl -w net.ipv4.conf.lo.arp_ignore=1<\/p>\n<p>sysctl -w net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_announce=2<\/p>\n<p>sysctl -w net.ipv4.conf.lo.arp_announce=2<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u4fee\u6539\/proc\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>echo &quot;1&quot;&gt;\/proc\/sys\/net\/ipv4\/conf\/all\/arp_ignore<\/p>\n<p>echo &quot;1&quot;&gt;\/proc\/sys\/net\/ipv4\/conf\/lo\/arp_ignore<\/p>\n<p>echo &quot;2&quot;&gt;\/proc\/sys\/net\/ipv4\/conf\/all\/arp_announce<\/p>\n<p>echo &quot;2&quot;&gt;\/proc\/sys\/net\/ipv4\/conf\/lo\/arp_announce<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>5. \u914d\u7f6eLVS<\/h3>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># lvs\u6dfb\u52a0vip\n[root@LvsServer network-scripts]#ifconfig lo:1 10.0.0.100\/32\n# \u6dfb\u52a0lvs\n[root@LvsServer network-scripts]#ipvsadm -A -t 10.0.0.100:80 -s rr\n[root@LvsServer network-scripts]#ipvsadm -a -t 10.0.0.100:80 -r 10.0.0.124 -g\n[root@LvsServer network-scripts]#ipvsadm -a -t 10.0.0.100:80 -r 10.0.0.125 -g\n[root@LvsServer network-scripts]#ipvsadm -Ln\nIP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)\nProt LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags\n  -&gt; RemoteAddress:Port           Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn\nTCP  10.0.0.100:80 rr\n  -&gt; 10.0.0.124:80                Route   1      0          0\n  -&gt; 10.0.0.125:80                Route   1      0          0\n\n# client\u6d4b\u8bd5\n[root@Client ~]# curl 10.0.0.100\n10.0.0.125  RealServer2\n[root@Client ~]# curl 10.0.0.100\n10.0.0.124  RealServer1<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>LVS-DR\u6a21\u5f0f\u591a\u7f51\u6bb5\u6848\u4f8b\u5b9e\u64cd<\/h2>\n<h3>1. \u57fa\u672c\u5b9e\u73b0<\/h3>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/typora-images-1307361841.cos.ap-beijing.myqcloud.com\/img\/image-20240423163114321.png\" alt=\"image-20240423163114321\" \/><\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u8fd9\u4e2a\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5355\u7f51\u6bb5\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u4fee\u6539\u4e00\u4e0b\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e86\uff0c\u5c06\u4e4b\u524d\u5728RS1\uff0cRS2\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709LVS\u4e0a\u9762\u914d\u7f6e\u7684VIP\u4fee\u6539\u6210172.16.0.100\/32\u5373\u53ef\n# RS1\u3001RS2\u5220\u9664\u4e4b\u524d\u914d\u7f6e\u7684VIP(CentOS 7.9)\n[root@realserver1 ~]#ifconfig lo:1 down\n# \u6216\u8005\n[root@realserver1 ~]#ip addr del 10.0.0.100\/32 dev lo\n[root@realserver1 ~]#ip a\n1: lo: &lt;LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP&gt; mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000\n    link\/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00\n    inet 127.0.0.1\/8 scope host lo\n       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever\n    inet6 ::1\/128 scope host\n       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever\n2: eth0: &lt;BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP&gt; mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000\n    link\/ether 00:0c:29:77:93:de brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff\n    inet 10.0.0.124\/24 brd 10.0.0.255 scope global noprefixroute eth0\n       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever\n[root@realserver1 ~]#\n[root@realserver2 ~]#ifconfig lo:1 down\n[root@realserver2 ~]#ip a\n1: lo: &lt;LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP&gt; mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000\n    link\/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00\n    inet 127.0.0.1\/8 scope host lo\n       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever\n    inet6 ::1\/128 scope host\n       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever\n2: eth0: &lt;BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP&gt; mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000\n    link\/ether 00:0c:29:32:53:e8 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff\n    inet 10.0.0.125\/24 brd 10.0.0.255 scope global noprefixroute eth0\n       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever\n[root@realserver2 ~]#\n\n# \u4e34\u65f6\u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u7684VIP\n[root@realserver1 ~]#ifconfig lo:1 172.16.0.100 netmask 255.255.255.255\n[root@realserver2 ~]#ifconfig lo:1 172.16.0.100 netmask 255.255.255.255\n# \u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\n[root@realserver2 ~]#ip a a 172.16.0.100\/32 dev lo label lo:1\n#\u4fee\u6539\u5185\u6838\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u4e0a\u9762\u6709\u6c38\u4e45\u4fee\u6539\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\n[root@realserver1 ~]#echo 1 &gt; \/proc\/sys\/net\/ipv4\/conf\/all\/arp_ignore\n[root@realserver1 ~]#echo 1 &gt; \/proc\/sys\/net\/ipv4\/conf\/lo\/arp_ignore\n[root@realserver1 ~]#echo 2 &gt; \/proc\/sys\/net\/ipv4\/conf\/all\/arp_announce\n[root@realserver1 ~]#echo 2 &gt; \/proc\/sys\/net\/ipv4\/conf\/lo\/arp_announce\n\n# lvs\u4e0a\u9762\u914d\u7f6evip\uff0c\u5c06\u4e4b\u524d\u7684vip\u5220\u6389\n[root@LvsServer ~]#ip addr del 10.0.0.100\/32 dev lo\n[root@LvsServer ~]#ip a a 192.168.10.100\/32 dev lo label lo:1\n\n# \u6dfb\u52a0lvs\u96c6\u7fa4\n[root@LvsServer network-scripts]#ipvsadm -A -t 172.16.0.100:80 -s rr\n[root@LvsServer network-scripts]#ipvsadm -a -t 172.16.0.100:80 -r 10.0.0.124 -g\n[root@LvsServer network-scripts]#ipvsadm -a -t 172.16.0.100:80 -r 10.0.0.125 -g\n\n# \u4e0b\u9762\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7client\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e86<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>2. lvs\u811a\u672c<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728lvs\u4e0a\u6dfb\u52a0vip\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6dfb\u52a0lvs\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5199\u6210\u811a\u672c\u4fbf\u4e8e\u6267\u884c<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">#!\/bin\/bash\n#Author:xingyuyu\n#Date:2024-04-23\nvip=&#039;172.16.0.100&#039;\niface=&#039;lo:1&#039;\nmask=&#039;255.255.255.255&#039;\nport=&#039;80&#039;\nrs1=&#039;10.0.0.124&#039;\nrs2=&#039;10.0.0.125&#039;\nscheduler=&#039;wrr&#039;\ntype=&#039;-g&#039;\nrpm -q ipvsadm &amp;&gt; \/dev\/null || yum -y install ipvsadm &amp;&gt; \/dev\/null\n\ncase $1 in\nstart)\n    ifconfig $iface $vip netmask $mask #broadcast $vip up\n    iptables -F\n\n    ipvsadm -A -t ${vip}:${port} -s $scheduler\n    ipvsadm -a -t ${vip}:${port} -r ${rs1} $type -w 1\n    ipvsadm -a -t ${vip}:${port} -r ${rs2} $type -w 1\n    echo &quot;The VS Server is Ready!&quot;\n    ;;\nstop)\n    ipvsadm -C\n    ifconfig $iface down\n    echo &quot;The VS Server is Canceled!&quot;\n    ;;\n*)\n    echo &quot;Usage: $(basename $0) start|stop&quot;\n    exit 1\n    ;;\nesac<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>3. rs\u811a\u672c<\/h3>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">#!\/bin\/bash\n#Author:xingyuy\n#Date:2024-04-23\nvip=172.16.0.100\nmask=&#039;255.255.255.255&#039;\ndev=lo:1\n\ncase $1 in\nstart)\n    echo 1 &gt; \/proc\/sys\/net\/ipv4\/conf\/all\/arp_ignore\n    echo 1 &gt; \/proc\/sys\/net\/ipv4\/conf\/lo\/arp_ignore\n    echo 2 &gt; \/proc\/sys\/net\/ipv4\/conf\/all\/arp_announce\n    echo 2 &gt; \/proc\/sys\/net\/ipv4\/conf\/lo\/arp_announce\n    ifconfig $dev $vip netmask $mask\n    echo &quot;The RS Server is Ready!&quot;\n    ;;\nstop)\n    ifconfig $dev down\n    echo 0 &gt; \/proc\/sys\/net\/ipv4\/conf\/all\/arp_ignore\n    echo 0 &gt; \/proc\/sys\/net\/ipv4\/conf\/lo\/arp_ignore\n    echo 0 &gt; \/proc\/sys\/net\/ipv4\/conf\/all\/arp_announce\n    echo 0 &gt; \/proc\/sys\/net\/ipv4\/conf\/lo\/arp_announce\n    echo &quot;The RS Server is Canceled!&quot;\n    ;;\n*)\n    echo &quot;Usage: $(basename $0) start|stop&quot;\n    exit 1\n    ;;\nesac<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>4. \u95ee\u9898\u70b9<\/h3>\n<p>\u4e00\u3001\u67b6\u6784\u56fe\u91cclvs\u4e0a\u5728lo\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u7684vip\u662f172.16.0.100\/32\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\u662f32\u4f4d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6362\u621024\u4f4d\u5417\uff1frs\u7684lo\u4e0a\u9762\u7684vip\u53ef\u4ee5\u6362\u621024\u4f4d\u5417\uff1f<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u6362\u621024\u4f4d\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u662f32\u4f4d\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\u3002\u7ecf\u8fc7\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6362\u621024,\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e0d\u901a\u8fc7\u3002\u5728 LVS \u7684 DR\uff08Direct Routing\uff09\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c06VIP\u914d\u7f6e\u5728 <code>lo<\/code> \u63a5\u53e3\u4e0a\u5e76\u4e14\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6bd4 <code>\/32<\/code> \u66f4\u5927\u7684\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\uff08\u5982 <code>\/24<\/code>\uff09\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u7f51\u7edc\u5305\u53ea\u5728\u672c\u5730\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8f6c\u53d1\u5230\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08RS\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728DR\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\uff0c\u865a\u62df\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08VIP\uff09\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u5e76\u6839\u636eLVS\u7684\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b97\u6cd5\u5c06\u8bf7\u6c42\u76f4\u63a5\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u540e\u7aef\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8def\u7531\u914d\u7f6e\u4f1a\u5c06\u56de\u5e94\u6570\u636e\u5305\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff0c\u4e0d\u518d\u7ecf\u8fc7LVS\u3002\u5982\u679cVIP\u7684\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\u9519\u8bef\u5730\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a <code>\/24<\/code>\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u8def\u7531\u51b2\u7a81<\/strong>\uff1a\u5c06 <code>\/24<\/code> \u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u56de\u73af\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0a\u7684VIP\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5f15\u8d77\u8def\u7531\u51b2\u7a81\u3002\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9519\u8bef\u5730\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6574\u4e2a <code>\/24<\/code> \u7f51\u6bb5\u90fd\u662f\u672c\u5730\u53ef\u8fbe\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u539f\u672c\u5e94\u8be5\u901a\u8fc7\u7269\u7406\u63a5\u53e3\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u7684\u5305\u88ab\u9519\u8bef\u5730\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u56de\u73af\u63a5\u53e3\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>ARP\u884c\u4e3a\u5f02\u5e38<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u8bbe\u5907\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5c1d\u8bd5\u901a\u8fc7ARP\u6765\u89e3\u6790\u8be5 <code>\/24<\/code> \u7f51\u6bb5\u5185\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4f46\u56e0\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5730\u5740\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5728\u56de\u73af\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5bf9ARP\u8bf7\u6c42\u505a\u51fa\u56de\u5e94\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u7f51\u7edc\u4e2d\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u7cfb\u7edf\u65e0\u6cd5\u6b63\u786e\u5730\u4e0e\u8fd9\u4e9bIP\u5730\u5740\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u76ee\u6807\u5730\u5740\u5728 <code>\/24<\/code> \u7f51\u6bb5\u5185\u7684\u5305\uff0c\u5185\u6838\u8def\u7531\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u51b3\u5b9a\u5b83\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u672c\u5730\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u8f6c\u53d1\u51fa\u53bb\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5f53\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5230\u8fbe\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86 <code>\/24<\/code> \u63a9\u7801\u7684lvs\u4e0a\u7684VIP\u4e0a\u65f6\uff0c\u5185\u6838\u53ef\u80fd\u8ba4\u4e3a\u76ee\u6807\u5730\u5740\u5c31\u5728\u672c\u5730\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u4f1a\u7ecf\u8fc7\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u8def\u7531\u8fc7\u7a0b\u8f6c\u53d1\u5230\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u8fd9\u5c06\u5bfc\u81f4\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5728LVS\u4e0a\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u88ab\u8f6c\u53d1\u5230\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7684VIP\u7684\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4e5f\u4f1a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a <code>\/32<\/code>\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3aVIP\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u70b9\u5bf9\u70b9\u7684\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7edc\u6bb5\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4ec5\u4ec5\u4ee3\u8868\u5355\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5730\u5740\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u914d\u7f6e\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u5728RS\u4e0a\u7684VIP\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u4e0e\u7269\u7406\u63a5\u53e3\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\uff08\u5982 <code>\/24<\/code>\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u6700\u5b89\u5168\u548c\u6700\u666e\u904d\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528 <code>\/32<\/code> \u63a9\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u5728RS\u4e0a\u5c06VIP\u7684\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a <code>\/24<\/code>\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4RS\u4e0a\u7684\u8def\u7531\u903b\u8f91\u6df7\u4e71\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4f1a\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6574\u4e2a <code>\/24<\/code> \u7f51\u6bb5\u90fd\u662f\u672c\u5730\u76f4\u63a5\u53ef\u8fbe\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0e\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u62d3\u6251\u4e0d\u7b26\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5f53\u5176\u4ed6\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbe\u5907\u67e5\u8be2\u5230\u8be5\u7f51\u6bb5\u5185\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u65f6\uff0cRS\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5c1d\u8bd5\u54cd\u5e94ARP\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5730\u5740\u5728\u672c\u5730\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u3002\u8fd9\u8fdd\u53cd\u4e86DR\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e2d\u9632\u6b62RS\u54cd\u5e94VIP ARP\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u53ef\u80fd\u4e5f\u4f1a\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u76f4\u63a5\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u4e86 <code>\/24<\/code> \u7f51\u6bb5\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u53ef\u80fd\u5c1d\u8bd5\u76f4\u63a5\u4e0eVIP\u5730\u5740\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u901a\u8fc7LVS\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u6d41\u91cf\u672a\u7ecf\u8fc7LVS\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u4e8c\u3001RS\u4e0a\u9762\u7684vip\u53ef\u4ee5\u914d\u7f6e\u5728eth0\u4e0a\u9762\u5417\uff1f<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<ol>\n<li>VIP \u5e94\u5f53\u914d\u7f6e\u5728 <code>lo<\/code> \u63a5\u53e3\u4e0a\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5185\u6838\u53c2\u6570 <code>arp_ignore<\/code> \u548c <code>arp_announce<\/code> \u7528\u4e8e\u8c03\u6574 ARP \u5e94\u7b54\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5230 <code>lo<\/code> \u7684VIP\u5730\u5740\u4e0d\u4f1a\u54cd\u5e94ARP\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u9632\u6b62\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u7684ARP\u6d41\u91cf\u88ab\u5e72\u6270\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u4e09\u3001LVS\u4e0a\u9762\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u914d\u7f6e\u7f51\u5173\uff1f<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\u5728 DR\uff08Direct Routing\uff09\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\uff0cLVS \u4ec5\u7528\u4e8e\u8bf7\u6c42\u5206\u53d1\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u53c2\u4e0e\u54cd\u5e94\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4f20\u8f93\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e0d\u914d\u7f6e\u7f51\u5173\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6765\u7684\u5305(192.168.10.6\/24),lvs\u53d1\u73b0\u8ddf\u81ea\u5df1\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u6bb5\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u7f51\u5173\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u628a\u5305\u8f6c\u53d1\u7ed9RS\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u56db\u3001RS\u4e0a\u9762\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u914d\u7f6eVIP\uff1f<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\u5728 LVS \u4e0a\u914d\u7f6e VIP:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u8bf7\u6c42\u63a5\u6536\u70b9<\/strong>\uff1a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8bf7\u6c42\u90fd\u88ab\u5b9a\u5411\u5230 VIP\u3002LVS \u4f5c\u4e3a\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a5\u6536\u70b9\uff0c\u76d1\u542c VIP \u4e0a\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u7b97\u6cd5\u51b3\u5b9a\u5c06\u8bf7\u6c42\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u54ea\u4e2a\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u900f\u660e\u6027<\/strong>\uff1a\u5bf9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u611f\u77e5\u5230\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u662f VIP\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u3002\u8fd9\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e86\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u900f\u660e\u6027\u548c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u89e3\u8026\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u5728 RS \u4e0a\u914d\u7f6e VIP:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u54cd\u5e94\u8def\u7531<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728 DR \u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\uff0c\u5f53 LVS \u5c06\u8bf7\u6c42\u8f6c\u53d1\u7ed9 RS \u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4fdd\u6301\u76ee\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u4e0d\u53d8\uff08\u5373 VIP\uff09\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5fc5\u987b\u8bc6\u522b VIP \u4ee5\u6b63\u786e\u5904\u7406\u8fdb\u6765\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u76f4\u63a5\u54cd\u5e94<\/strong>\uff1aRS \u76f4\u63a5\u5c06\u54cd\u5e94\u53d1\u9001\u56de\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff0c\u7ed5\u8fc7 LVS\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u786e\u4fdd\u54cd\u5e94\u6b63\u786e\u5730\u53d1\u9001\u7ed9\u53d1\u51fa\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff0c\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u6808\u5fc5\u987b\u63a5\u53d7\u76ee\u6807\u4e3a VIP \u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u907f\u514d IP \u5730\u5740\u51b2\u7a81<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\uff0cVIP \u901a\u5e38\u914d\u7f6e\u5728\u73af\u56de\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0a\uff08lo\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a VIP \u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u6709\u4efb\u4f55 ARP \u54cd\u5e94\uff08\u56e0\u6b64\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u4e4b\u524d\u63d0\u5230\u7684 <code>arp_ignore<\/code> \u548c <code>arp_announce<\/code> \u5185\u6838\u53c2\u6570\u6765\u914d\u7f6e\uff09\u3002\u5c06 VIP \u7ed1\u5b9a\u5230\u73af\u56de\u63a5\u53e3\u53ef\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u7684 ARP \u5e7f\u64ad\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u73af\u56de\u63a5\u53e3\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u5e7f\u64ad\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u672c\u5730\u56de\u73af\u6d41\u91cf<\/strong>\uff1a\u867d\u7136 RS \u4e0a\u7684 VIP \u4e0d\u7528\u4e8e\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u5165\u7ad9\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u4f46\u672c\u5730\u751f\u6210\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\uff08\u5982\u5065\u5eb7\u68c0\u67e5\u6216\u7ba1\u7406\u6d41\u91cf\uff09\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528 VIP\u3002\u8fd9\u786e\u4fdd\u4e86\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u591a\u4e2a RS \u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6d41\u91cf\u4e5f\u80fd\u6b63\u786e\u8def\u7531\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u4e94\u3001\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48DR\u6a21\u578b\u4e0d\u80fd\u8de8\u8def\u7531\u5462\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u662f\u8fde\u63a5\u4ea4\u6362\u673a\uff1f<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\u5728lvs\u4e0a\u9762\uff0c\u4f1a\u628a\u540e\u7aef\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u7684ip\u5199\u5165\u5230\u96c6\u7fa4\u5f53\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6570\u636e\u5305\u4ecelvs\u5230rs\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4e0d\u4fee\u6539\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\uff0c\u53ea\u4fee\u6539\u6570\u636e\u94fe\u8def\u5c42\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u53ea\u4fee\u6539mac\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u4e0d\u4fee\u6539ip\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48lvs\u4e0a\u9762\u6709\u4e86rs\u7684\u771f\u5b9eip\uff0c\u8981\u60f3\u5f97\u5230\u540e\u7aefrs\u7684mac\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u662f\u901a\u8fc7arp\u5e7f\u64ad\uff0carp\u4e0d\u80fd\u8de8\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u8de8\u8def\u7531\u5c31\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0d\u4e86\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h2>LVS-TUNNEL\u96a7\u9053\u6a21\u5f0f\u6848\u4f8b\u5b9e\u64cd<\/h2>\n<h3>1.\u67b6\u6784<\/h3>\n<blockquote>\n<p>TUN\u6a21\u5f0f\u4f7f\u7528IP\u5c01\u88c5\u6280\u672f\u6765\u76f4\u63a5\u5c06\u8bf7\u6c42\u6570\u636e\u5305\u8f6c\u53d1\u5230\u540e\u7aef\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u5728TUN\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e2d\uff0c\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u9001\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u6570\u636e\u5305\u88ab\u5c01\u88c5\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684IP\u5305\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u76f4\u63a5\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684IP\u3002\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5c01\u88c5\u540e\u7684IP\u5305\uff0c\u89e3\u5c01\u540e\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u54cd\u5e94\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6a21\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8de8\u8d8a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b50\u7f51\u548c\u8def\u7531\u5668\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5c01\u88c5\u540e\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/typora-images-1307361841.cos.ap-beijing.myqcloud.com\/img\/image-20240424155400884.png\" alt=\"image-20240424155400884\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>2. \u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728Linux\u865a\u62df\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08LVS\uff09\u4e2d\u7684TUN\uff08\u96a7\u9053\uff09\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u539f\u7406\u57fa\u4e8e\u901a\u8fc7\u7f51\u7edc\u96a7\u9053\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u662fIPIP\u96a7\u9053\uff09\u5c06\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u76f4\u63a5\u5c01\u88c5\u540e\u8f6c\u53d1\u5230\u540e\u7aef\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff08Real Servers\uff0cRS\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\u5141\u8bb8\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b50\u7f51\u4e2d\u5206\u53d1\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u9700\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u76f4\u63a5\u4e0e\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u901a\u4fe1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>TUN\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8bf7\u6c42<\/strong>\uff1a \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u53d1\u9001\u4e00\u4e2a\u5230\u865a\u62dfIP\u5730\u5740\uff08VIP\uff09\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2aVIP\u5728\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\u4e0a\u914d\u7f6e\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u8bf7\u6c42\u5c01\u88c5<\/strong>\uff1a \u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u5e76\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2a\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6765\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u5b83\u5c06\u539f\u59cb\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u5c01\u88c5\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684IP\u5305\u91cc\u9762\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u5740\u662f\u9009\u5b9a\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684IP\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u96a7\u9053\u4f20\u8f93<\/strong>\uff1a \u5c01\u88c5\u540e\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u901a\u8fc7\u7f51\u7edc\u96a7\u9053\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u96a7\u9053\u901a\u5e38\u662fIPIP\u96a7\u9053\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5c01\u88c5\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2aIP\u5934\u90e8\uff0c\u5176\u6e90IP\u662f\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\u7684IP\uff0c\u76ee\u7684IP\u662f\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684IP\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u89e3\u5c01\u88c5\u548c\u5904\u7406<\/strong>\uff1a \u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6536\u5230\u5c01\u88c5\u7684IP\u5305\uff0c\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u5c01\u88c5\uff0c\u6062\u590d\u51fa\u539f\u59cb\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff0c\u5e76\u50cf\u5904\u7406\u76f4\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u4e00\u6837\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u54cd\u5e94\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef<\/strong>\uff1a \u5904\u7406\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u76f4\u63a5\u5c06\u54cd\u5e94\u53d1\u9001\u56de\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff0c\u4e0d\u901a\u8fc7\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>TUN\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\u5904\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5411VIP\u53d1\u8d77\u8bf7\u6c42<\/strong>\uff1a \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u5411\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\u7684VIP\u53d1\u9001\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\u9009\u62e9\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/strong>\uff1a \u6839\u636e\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0cLVS\u9009\u62e9\u4e00\u4e2a\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6765\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5c01\u88c5\u6570\u636e\u5305<\/strong>\uff1a LVS\u4f7f\u7528IPIP\u96a7\u9053\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684IP\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u539f\u59cb\u8bf7\u6c42\u6570\u636e\u5305\u3002\u65b0\u6570\u636e\u5305\u7684\u6e90IP\u5730\u5740\u662f\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u76ee\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u662f\u9009\u5b9a\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u901a\u8fc7\u96a7\u9053\u53d1\u9001\u81f3\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/strong>\uff1a \u5c01\u88c5\u597d\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u901a\u8fc7\u7f51\u7edc\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u96a7\u9053\u5141\u8bb8\u6570\u636e\u5305\u8de8\u8d8a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u5c42\u6b21\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u8de8\u8d8a\u591a\u4e2a\u5b50\u7f51\u6216\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u533a\u57df\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6536\u5230\u5e76\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42<\/strong>\uff1a \u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u5c01\u88c5\u7684IP\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff0c\u89e3\u5c01\u88c5\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u539f\u59cb\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u6570\u636e\u5305\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6b63\u5e38\u5904\u7406\u8be5\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u76f4\u63a5\u54cd\u5e94\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef<\/strong>\uff1a \u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5c06\u54cd\u5e94\u76f4\u63a5\u53d1\u9001\u56de\u539f\u59cb\u8bf7\u6c42\u7684\u6e90\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u5373\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0cLVS\u4e0d\u5904\u7406\u54cd\u5e94\u6570\u636e\u5305\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>TUN\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u548c\u9650\u5236\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u4f18\u52bf<\/strong>\uff1a\n<ul>\n<li>\u5141\u8bb8\u8de8\u5b50\u7f51\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u4e86\u90e8\u7f72\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u54cd\u5e94\u6570\u636e\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u9650\u5236<\/strong>\uff1a\n<ul>\n<li>\u9700\u8981\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u914d\u7f6e\u652f\u6301IPIP\u96a7\u9053\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u5e76\u80fd\u591f\u89e3\u5c01\u88c5IP\u6570\u636e\u5305\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u6240\u6709\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u6d41\u91cf\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5c01\u88c5\u4ec5\u9002\u7528\u4e8eIP\u534f\u8bae\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>TUN\u6a21\u5f0f\u7279\u522b\u9002\u5408\u5728\u8de8\u591a\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u6216\u8de8\u4e0d\u540c\u5730\u7406\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5206\u6563\u90e8\u7f72\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\u9700\u8981\u7f51\u7edc\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u989d\u5916\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u9700\u8981\u5728\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0a\u914d\u7f6e\u8def\u7531\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u5c01\u88c5\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5305\u80fd\u591f\u5230\u8fbe\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u5730\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u54cd\u5e94\u80fd\u591f\u987a\u5229\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>3. \u914d\u7f6e<\/h3>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># \u73af\u5883\u548c\u5355\u7f51\u6bb5DR\u6a21\u578b\u4e00\u81f4\n\n# lvs\u914d\u7f6e\n# \u914d\u7f6etunl0\u63a5\u53e3\u4e3aVIP 10.0.0.100\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u8fd9\u4e2aIP\u5730\u5740\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u8fde\u63a5\u5230\u7684\u76ee\u6807IP\u5730\u5740\uff0cLVS\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u6765\u63a5\u6536\u5165\u7ad9\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\nifconfig\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6765\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u663e\u793aLinux\u5185\u6838\u4e2d\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\ntunl0\uff1a\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u793aIP\u96a7\u9053\u7684\u865a\u62df\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\u3002Linux\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684tunl0\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9884\u914d\u7f6e\u7684IPIP\u96a7\u9053\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u5c01\u88c5IP\u534f\u8bae\u3002\n10.0.0.100\uff1a\u8fd9\u662f\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7ed9tunl0\u63a5\u53e3\u7684IP\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u914d\u7f6e\u4e3aLVS\u7684\u865a\u62dfIP\uff08VIP\uff09\u3002\nnetmask 255.255.255.255\uff1a\u8fd9\u8868\u793a\u5b50\u7f51\u63a9\u7801\uff0c255.255.255.255\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a32\u4f4d\u7684\u63a9\u7801\uff0c\u6307\u793a\u8fd9\u4e2aIP\u5730\u5740\u6ca1\u6709\u5b50\u7f51\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u70b9\u5e7f\u64ad\u5730\u5740\u3002\nup\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9009\u9879\u7528\u6765\u6fc0\u6d3btunl0\u63a5\u53e3\u3002\n[root@LvsServer ~]#ifconfig tunl0 10.0.0.100 netmask 255.255.255.255 up\n# \u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u5f00\u914d\u7f6e\n[root@LvsServer ~]#ip addr add 10.0.0.100\/32 dev tunl0\n[root@LvsServer ~]#ip link set up tunl0\n\n# \u81ea\u52a8\u52a0\u8f7dipip\u6a21\u5757\n[root@LvsServer ~]#lsmod | grep ipip\nipip                   16384  0\ntunnel4                16384  1 ipip\nip_tunnel              28672  1 ipip\n\n# \u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d\u96c6\u7fa4\n[14:36:12 root@LvsServer ~]#ipvsadm -Ln\nIP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)\nProt LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags\n  -&gt; RemoteAddress:Port           Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn\nTCP  172.16.0.100:80 wrr\n  -&gt; 10.0.0.124:80                Route   1      0          0\n  -&gt; 10.0.0.125:80                Route   1      0          0\n# \u6e05\u7a7a\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u89c4\u5219\n[14:38:09 root@LvsServer ~]#ipvsadm -C\n[14:38:19 root@LvsServer ~]#ipvsadm -Ln\nIP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)\nProt LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags\n  -&gt; RemoteAddress:Port           Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn\n# \u6dfb\u52a0\u89c4\u5219\n[14:38:22 root@LvsServer ~]#ipvsadm -A -t 10.0.0.100:80 -s rr\n[14:38:41 root@LvsServer ~]#ipvsadm -a -t 10.0.0.100:80 -r 10.0.0.124 -i\n[14:39:03 root@LvsServer ~]#ipvsadm -a -t 10.0.0.100:80 -r 10.0.0.125 -i\n[14:39:05 root@LvsServer ~]#ipvsadm -Ln\nIP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)\nProt LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags\n  -&gt; RemoteAddress:Port           Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn\nTCP  10.0.0.100:80 rr\n  -&gt; 10.0.0.124:80                Tunnel  1      0          0\n  -&gt; 10.0.0.125:80                Tunnel  1      0          0\n\n# \u4e24\u53f0RS\u914d\u7f6e\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u5982\u4e0b\u914d\u7f6e\n[root@realserver1 ~]#ifconfig tunl0 10.0.0.100 netmask 255.255.255.255 up\n[root@realserver1 ~]#ip a\n1: lo: &lt;LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP&gt; mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000\n    link\/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00\n    inet 127.0.0.1\/8 scope host lo\n       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever\n    inet6 ::1\/128 scope host\n       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever\n2: eth0: &lt;BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP&gt; mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000\n    link\/ether 00:0c:29:77:93:de brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff\n    inet 10.0.0.124\/24 brd 10.0.0.255 scope global noprefixroute eth0\n       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever\n3: tunl0@NONE: &lt;NOARP,UP,LOWER_UP&gt; mtu 1480 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000\n    link\/ipip 0.0.0.0 brd 0.0.0.0\n    inet 10.0.0.100\/32 scope global tunl0\n       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever\n[root@realserver1 ~]#lsmod | grep ipip\nipip                   13465  0\ntunnel4                13252  1 ipip\nip_tunnel              25163  1 ipip\n[root@realserver1 ~]#echo 1 &gt; \/proc\/sys\/net\/ipv4\/conf\/all\/arp_ignore\n[root@realserver1 ~]#echo 1 &gt; \/proc\/sys\/net\/ipv4\/conf\/lo\/arp_ignore\n[root@realserver1 ~]#echo 2 &gt; \/proc\/sys\/net\/ipv4\/conf\/all\/arp_announce\n[root@realserver1 ~]#echo 2 &gt; \/proc\/sys\/net\/ipv4\/conf\/lo\/arp_announce\n[root@realserver1 ~]#echo 0 &gt; \/proc\/sys\/net\/ipv4\/conf\/tunl0\/rp_filter\n[root@realserver1 ~]#echo 0 &gt; \/proc\/sys\/net\/ipv4\/conf\/all\/rp_filter\n\n\u89e3\u91ca\uff1a\/proc\/sys\uff1a\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u865a\u62df\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5185\u6838\u4e0e\u7528\u6237\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\uff0c\u5b83\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u7528\u4e8e\u63a7\u5236\u5185\u6838\u8fd0\u884c\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u63a5\u53e3\u3002\nnet\/ipv4\/conf\/tunl0\/rp_filter\uff1arp_filter\u662f\u201c\u53cd\u5411\u8def\u5f84\u8fc7\u6ee4\u201d\u7684\u7f29\u5199\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u51b3\u5b9a\u5185\u6838\u662f\u5426\u5e94\u8be5\u62d2\u7edd\u65e0\u6cd5\u901a\u8fc7\u53cd\u5411\u8def\u5f84\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u8fbe\u6765\u6e90\u5730\u5740\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u5305\u3002\u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b89\u5168\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u9632\u6b62IP\u5730\u5740\u6b3a\u9a97\u3002\necho &quot;0&quot;\uff1a\u5c06rp_filter\u7684\u503c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a0\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5173\u95ed\u8fd9\u4e2a\u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u53cd\u5411\u8def\u5f84\u8fc7\u6ee4\u3002\u5728LVS\u914d\u7f6e\u4e2d\uff0c\u5173\u95edrp_filter\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u6765\u81eaVIP\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u5305\u80fd\u591f\u901a\u8fc7\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u6765\u6e90IP\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u8def\u7531\u8868\u8def\u5f84\u3002\n\n# \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u6d4b\u8bd5\n[root@Client ~]# curl 10.0.0.100\n10.0.0.125  RealServer2\n[root@Client ~]# curl 10.0.0.100\n10.0.0.124  RealServer1\n[root@Client ~]#\n# \u7528wireshark\u6293\u5305\uff0c\u6293\u53d6vmnet8\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u53ea\u6709\u4ecelvs-rs\u624d\u4f1a\u6709\u8fde\u4e2aip\u5934<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/typora-images-1307361841.cos.ap-beijing.myqcloud.com\/img\/image-20240424161528273.png\" alt=\"image-20240424161528273\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>\u76f8\u5173\u547d\u4ee4<\/h2>\n<h3>1.ipvsadm<\/h3>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">\u4e3b\u547d\u4ee4\n-A, --add-service: \u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u865a\u62df\u670d\u52a1\u3002\n-E, --edit-service: \u7f16\u8f91\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u865a\u62df\u670d\u52a1\u3002\n-D, --delete-service: \u5220\u9664\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u865a\u62df\u670d\u52a1\u3002\n-C, --clear: \u6e05\u7a7a\u5f53\u524d\u6240\u6709\u7684\u865a\u62df\u670d\u52a1\u914d\u7f6e\u3002\n-R, --restore: \u4ece\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\uff08stdin\uff09\u6062\u590d\u670d\u52a1\u914d\u7f6e\u3002\n-S, --save: \u5c06\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u914d\u7f6e\u8f93\u51fa\u5230\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\uff08stdout\uff09\u3002\n-a, --add-server: \u5411\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u865a\u62df\u670d\u52a1\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\n-e, --edit-server: \u7f16\u8f91\u6307\u5b9a\u865a\u62df\u670d\u52a1\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\n-d, --delete-server: \u4ece\u865a\u62df\u670d\u52a1\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u4e00\u4e2a\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\n-L, -l, --list: \u5217\u51fa\u6240\u6709\u6216\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u865a\u62df\u670d\u52a1\u53ca\u5176\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\n-Z, --zero: \u5c06\u6307\u5b9a\u865a\u62df\u670d\u52a1\u6216\u6240\u6709\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u5f52\u96f6\u3002\n--set: \u8bbe\u7f6e\u8fde\u63a5\u8d85\u65f6\u503c\uff08tcp, tcpfin, udp\uff09\u3002\n--start-daemon: \u542f\u52a8\u8fde\u63a5\u540c\u6b65\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\n--stop-daemon: \u505c\u6b62\u8fde\u63a5\u540c\u6b65\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002\n-h, --help: \u663e\u793a\u5e2e\u52a9\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\n\u865a\u62df\u670d\u52a1\u6307\u5b9a\u65b9\u5f0f\n-t, --tcp-service: \u6307\u5b9aTCP\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u865a\u62df\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u5305\u62ecIP\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u3002\n-u, --udp-service: \u6307\u5b9aUDP\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u865a\u62df\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u5305\u62ecIP\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u3002\n--sctp-service: \u6307\u5b9aSCTP\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u865a\u62df\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u5305\u62ecIP\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u3002\n-f, --fwmark-service: \u4f7f\u7528\u9632\u706b\u5899\u6807\u8bb0\u4f5c\u4e3a\u865a\u62df\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u6807\u8bc6\u3002\n\u5e38\u7528\u9009\u9879\n-6, --ipv6: \u6307\u5b9a\u64cd\u4f5c\u6d89\u53ca IPv6 \u5730\u5740\u3002\n-s, --scheduler: \u9009\u62e9\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 rr\uff08\u8f6e\u8be2\uff09, wrr\uff08\u52a0\u6743\u8f6e\u8be2\uff09\u7b49\u3002\n--pe, persistence_engine: \u6301\u4e45\u6027\u5f15\u64ce\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 SIP\u3002\n-p, --persistent: \u8bbe\u5b9a\u670d\u52a1\u4e3a\u6301\u4e45\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u53ef\u9009\u6307\u5b9a\u8d85\u65f6\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\n-M, --netmask: \u8bbe\u7f6e\u6301\u4e45\u6027\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u63a9\u7801\u3002\n-r, --real-server: \u6307\u5b9a\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5730\u5740\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u3002\n-g, --gatewaying: \u4f7f\u7528\u76f4\u63a5\u8def\u7531\uff08DR\uff09\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\n-i, --ipip: \u4f7f\u7528 IP-IP \u96a7\u9053\u5c01\u88c5\uff08\u96a7\u9053\u6a21\u5f0f\uff09\u3002\n-m, --masquerading: \u4f7f\u7528NAT\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\n-w, --weight: \u8bbe\u7f6e\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u6743\u91cd\u3002\n-x, --u-threshold: \u8bbe\u7f6e\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u4e0a\u9650\u9608\u503c\u3002\n-y, --l-threshold: \u8bbe\u7f6e\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u4e0b\u9650\u9608\u503c\u3002\n\u9ad8\u7ea7\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u9009\u9879\n--daemon: \u663e\u793a\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\n--stats: \u8f93\u51fa\u7edf\u8ba1\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\n--rate: \u8f93\u51fa\u901f\u7387\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\n--exact: \u7cbe\u786e\u663e\u793a\u6570\u5b57\u503c\u3002\n--thresholds: \u8f93\u51fa\u9608\u503c\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\n--persistent-conn: \u663e\u793a\u6301\u4e45\u8fde\u63a5\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\n--tun-info: \u663e\u793a\u96a7\u9053\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\n--nosort: \u8f93\u51fa\u65f6\u4e0d\u6392\u5e8f\u3002\n--sort: \u4e3a\u4e86\u5411\u540e\u517c\u5bb9\uff0c\u6b64\u9009\u9879\u65e0\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\n-o, --ops: \u542f\u7528\u5355\u5305\u8c03\u5ea6\u3002\n\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u9009\u9879\n--syncid: \u8bbe\u7f6e\u540c\u6b65\u5b88\u62a4\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684ID\u3002\n--sync-maxlen: \u8bbe\u7f6e\u6700\u5927\u540c\u6b65\u6d88\u606f\u957f\u5ea6\u3002\n--mcast-interface: \u6307\u5b9a\u7528\u4e8e\u8fde\u63a5\u540c\u6b65\u7684\u591a\u64ad\u63a5\u53e3\u3002\n--mcast-group: \u6307\u5b9a\u591a\u64ad\u7ec4\u5730\u5740\u3002\n--mcast-port: \u6307\u5b9aUDP\u7aef\u53e3\u3002\n--mcast-ttl: \u8bbe\u7f6e\u591a\u64adTTL\u503c\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><strong>\u5e38\u7528\u9009\u9879<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><code>-t<\/code><\/strong>, <strong><code>--tcp-service<\/code><\/strong> <vip>:<port>: \u6307\u5b9a TCP \u865a\u62df\u670d\u52a1\u7684 VIP \u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong><code>-u<\/code><\/strong>, <strong><code>--udp-service<\/code><\/strong> <vip>:<port>: \u6307\u5b9a UDP \u865a\u62df\u670d\u52a1\u7684 VIP \u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong><code>-s<\/code><\/strong>, <strong><code>--scheduler<\/code><\/strong> <scheduler>: \u6307\u5b9a\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u5982 wrr\uff08\u52a0\u6743\u8f6e\u8be2\uff09\u3001lc\uff08\u6700\u5c11\u8fde\u63a5\uff09\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong><code>-r<\/code><\/strong>, <strong><code>--real-server<\/code><\/strong> <rip>:<port>: \u6307\u5b9a\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684 IP \u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong><code>-m<\/code><\/strong>, <strong><code>--masquerading<\/code><\/strong> (NAT): \u4ee5 NAT \u6a21\u5f0f\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong><code>-g<\/code><\/strong>, <strong><code>--gatewaying<\/code><\/strong> (Direct Routing): \u4ee5 DR \u6a21\u5f0f\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong><code>-i<\/code><\/strong>, <strong><code>--ipip<\/code><\/strong> (IP-IP Tunneling): \u4ee5 TUN \u6a21\u5f0f\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong><code>-w<\/code><\/strong>, <strong><code>--weight<\/code><\/strong> <weight>: \u8bbe\u7f6e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u6743\u91cd\uff08\u5f71\u54cd\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e2d\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><code>ipvsadm<\/code> \u662f Linux \u4e0b\u7528\u4e8e\u7ba1\u7406 IP Virtual Server (IPVS) \u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177\u3002IPVS \u662f\u5185\u6838\u7ea7\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\u5668\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747\u8861\uff0c\u5982 TCP \u548c UDP \u8fde\u63a5\u3002<code>ipvsadm<\/code> \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u548c\u9009\u9879\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6dfb\u52a0\u3001\u4fee\u6539\u3001\u5220\u9664\u548c\u67e5\u770b\u865a\u62df\u670d\u52a1\u53ca\u5176\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684 <code>ipvsadm<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\u53ca\u5176\u9009\u9879\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u57fa\u672c\u547d\u4ee4<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u6dfb\u52a0\u670d\u52a1<\/strong> (<code>-A<\/code>, <code>--add-service<\/code>):<br \/>\n\u4f7f\u7528\u6b64\u547d\u4ee4\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u865a\u62df\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u5fc5\u987b\u6307\u5b9a\u534f\u8bae\u3001\u865a\u62dfIP\u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">ipvsadm -A -t <vip>:<port> -s <scheduler><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u7f16\u8f91\u670d\u52a1<\/strong> (<code>-E<\/code>, <code>--edit-service<\/code>):<br \/>\n\u7f16\u8f91\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u865a\u62df\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u6539\u8c03\u5ea6\u7b97\u6cd5\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">ipvsadm -E -t <vip>:<port> -s <scheduler><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u5220\u9664\u670d\u52a1<\/strong> (<code>-D<\/code>, <code>--delete-service<\/code>):<br \/>\n\u5220\u9664\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u865a\u62df\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">ipvsadm -D -t <vip>:<port><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u6dfb\u52a0\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/strong> (<code>-a<\/code>, <code>--add-server<\/code>):<br \/>\n\u5411\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u865a\u62df\u670d\u52a1\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">ipvsadm -a -t <vip>:<port> -r <rip>:<port> -m -w <weight><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u7f16\u8f91\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/strong> (<code>-e<\/code>, <code>--edit-server<\/code>):<br \/>\n\u4fee\u6539\u6307\u5b9a\u865a\u62df\u670d\u52a1\u4e2d\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">ipvsadm -e -t <vip>:<port> -r <rip>:<port> -m -w <weight><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u5220\u9664\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/strong> (<code>-d<\/code>, <code>--delete-server<\/code>):<br \/>\n\u4ece\u865a\u62df\u670d\u52a1\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u4e00\u4e2a\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">ipvsadm -d -t <vip>:<port> -r <rip>:<port><\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u5217\u51fa\u670d\u52a1\u548c\u670d\u52a1\u5668<\/strong> (<code>-L<\/code>, <code>--list<\/code>):<br \/>\n\u663e\u793a\u6240\u6709\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u865a\u62df\u670d\u52a1\u548c\u771f\u5b9e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5217\u8868\u3002\u4f7f\u7528 <code>-Ln<\/code> \u4ee5\u6570\u5b57\u5f62\u5f0f\u663e\u793a IP \u548c\u7aef\u53e3\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">ipvsadm -L -n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Linux Virtual Server (LVS) \u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7528\u4e8e\u6784\u5efa\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5747 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[80],"tags":[81],"views":427,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/8.141.4.74\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/481"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/8.141.4.74\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/8.141.4.74\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/8.141.4.74\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/8.141.4.74\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=481"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/8.141.4.74\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/481\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":482,"href":"http:\/\/8.141.4.74\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/481\/revisions\/482"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/8.141.4.74\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=481"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/8.141.4.74\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=481"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/8.141.4.74\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=481"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}